Diagnostics starting with a letter x

List Diagnostics – X

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X

In those years when only X-ray methods were used to examine the reproductive organs, radiation diagnostics occupied a relatively modest place in obstetrics and gynecology. Its development was held back by the danger of radiation damage to the fetus or gonads. However, when methods unrelated to radiation exposure appeared, especially ultrasound and radioimmunological analysis, the situation changed. It is no longer possible to imagine modern obstetrics, gynecology and mammology without radiation studies.

X-rays of the spine and spinal cord

The spine consists of 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx. In healthy people, it forms characteristic physiological curves: forward in the cervical and lumbar regions and backward in the thoracic and sacral regions. The size of the vertebral bodies gradually increases in the caudal direction, i.e. downwards. The vertebral body on radiographs has the shape of a rectangle with slightly concave lateral edges and rounded corners.

X-rays of the larynx and pharynx

Pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy provide an examination of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and larynx and the function of the vocal cords. Important additional data on the condition of the walls of these organs, in particular on the perilaryngeal tissues and cartilages of the larynx, can be obtained by computed tomography.

X-rays of the foot

Almost everyone knows what radiography is. It is a specific and very common type of diagnostics that uses X-rays.

X-rays of the ear and temporal bone

Plain X-rays of the skull do not provide a complete picture of the condition of the temporal bone. For this reason, specialists in the field of radiology mainly use targeted images and X-ray computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

X-rays of the clavicle

In clinical practice, X-ray imaging remains one of the leading methods of instrumental diagnostics for injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

X-ray of the Turkish saddle

X-ray analysis of the sella turcica is a relatively common diagnostic procedure, including in gynecology.

X-ray of the thoracic spine

The spinal column is the most important part of the musculoskeletal system. Its condition determines the smooth functioning of almost all organs and systems. There are many methods of diagnosing the spine, but most often doctors choose radiography.

X-ray of the stomach and duodenum

Radiation and endoscopic examinations form the basis of comprehensive diagnostics of stomach diseases. Among radiation methods, X-ray is of primary importance. The plan of X-ray examination (X-ray) of the stomach and duodenum depends on the anamnesis data and clinical picture of the disease.

X-ray of the sternum

Typically, a chest X-ray is performed for diagnostic purposes, but targeted visualization of the flat breastbone in the middle of its anterior wall - a sternal X-ray - may be required.

X-ray of the spleen

Spleen angiography is extremely rarely used in the diagnosis of spleen diseases. For the diagnosis of portal hypertension, direct injection of a contrast agent into the spleen pulp is sometimes used, i.e. splenoportography is performed. With the appropriate equipment, it is possible to obtain an image of the splenic vein in the venous stage of arteriography, i.e. perform indirect splenoportography.

X-ray of the scapula

Since it is not always possible to immediately identify the cause of the pathology, doctors use an X-ray of the scapula. This is a non-invasive, painless and accessible diagnostic method, which is also quite informative.

X-ray of the pancreas

On plain radiographs of the abdominal cavity, the pancreas is indistinguishable. The only exceptions are rare cases of calcifications - parenchyma, pseudocyst walls and stones in the ducts in chronic pancreatitis. On plain images, as well as during contrast radiographic examination of the stomach and intestines, indirect signs of damage to the gland can be detected.

X-ray of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

X-ray examination (X-ray) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, larynx, auditory organ, as well as the eye and eye socket, gained full recognition in the clinic already in the first years after the discovery of X-ray radiation.

X-ray of the maxillofacial region

Traditional methods of X-ray examination are still used predominantly in dental practice. Radiography is the method of choice. X-ray examination of the maxillofacial area is rarely performed: in some cases of trauma, to determine the localization of foreign bodies, and for angio- and sialography. However, transillumination is usually combined with X-ray examination.

X-ray of the lumbar spine

The most accessible diagnostic method that allows visualization of the internal structure and assessment of the condition of the skeletal bones of the spine is radiography.

X-ray of the liver and biliary tract

Indications for radiographic examination (X-ray) of the liver and bile ducts are determined by the clinician based on the anamnesis and clinical picture of the disease. The choice of the method of radiographic examination is made jointly by the clinician and the radiologist. The latter draws up a plan of the examination, analyzes its results and formulates a conclusion.

X-ray of the fallopian tubes

It happens that a woman is unable to get pregnant. To find out the reason, it is necessary to conduct an examination, including an X-ray of the fallopian tubes.

X-ray of the eye socket

The organ of vision consists of the eyeball, its protective parts (the eye socket and eyelids) and the appendages of the eye (the lacrimal and motor apparatus). The eye socket (orbit) is shaped like a truncated tetrahedral pyramid.

X-ray of the esophagus

The esophagus is a direct continuation of the pharynx. Its function is to move food into the stomach. The peristaltic wave reaches the lower esophageal sphincter in 5-6 seconds, which relaxes by this point and then immediately contracts, preventing the contents from returning to the esophagus (the so-called regurgitation).