List Diagnostics – O
Ophthalmoscopy is a method of examining the retina, optic nerve and vascular membrane in the rays of light reflected from the fundus. The clinic uses two methods of ophthalmoscopy - in the reverse and in a direct form.
Hysteroscopic operations are conventionally divided into simple and complex. Simple operations do not require special long-term preparation, can be performed during diagnostic hysteroscopy, do not require laparoscopic control, can be performed out-patient in the presence of a one-day hospital. Simple hysteroscopic operations are carried out aiming under the control of the hysteroscope. They do not always need complicated equipment, they often use an operating hysteroscope and auxiliary tools.
To the operations preparing the birth canal for childbirth include: widening of the perineum and vagina, perineotomy, widening of the cervical canal, artificial rupture of the fetal bladder.
Distinguish radical and conservative-plastic (with the preservation of menstrual, and possibly generative function) surgery. The radicals include supravaginal amputation of the uterus with or without appendages and extirpation of the uterus with appendages and without them.
The operation of applying forceps is extremely important in obstetrics. Domestic obstetricians have done extremely much to develop and improve this operation, in particular, indications to it have been developed in detail and the conditions for its implementation have been developed, own versions of the instrument have been created, the immediate and remote outcomes of the operation for mother and child have been studied.