List Diagnostics – O
Ophthalmoscopy is a method of examining the retina, optic nerve and choroid in rays of light reflected from the fundus. The clinic uses two methods of ophthalmoscopy - in reverse and direct form.
Hysteroscopic operations are conventionally divided into simple and complex. Simple operations do not require special long-term preparation, can be performed during diagnostic hysteroscopy, do not require laparoscopic control, can be performed on an outpatient basis if there is a one-day hospital. Simple hysteroscopic operations are carried out specifically under the control of a hysteroscope. They do not always require complex equipment; an operating hysteroscope and auxiliary instruments are more often used.
The study of the olfactory function is given great importance as a very effective method of diagnosing diseases of the PNS and CNS. Many of the so-called essential anosmia or "parosmia" can be associated with certain organic diseases of the intracranial structures, directly or indirectly related to the olfactory centers and their conductors.
The operation of applying forceps is of great importance in obstetrics. Domestic obstetricians have done a great deal to develop and improve this operation, in particular, indications for it and the definition of conditions for its implementation have been developed in detail, their own types of instruments have been created, and the immediate and remote outcomes of the operation for the mother and child have been studied.