X-rays of the uterus and ovaries

In those years when only X-ray methods were used to examine the reproductive organs, radiation diagnostics occupied a relatively modest place in obstetrics and gynecology. Its development was held back by the danger of radiation damage to the fetus or gonads. However, when methods unrelated to radiation exposure appeared, especially ultrasound and radioimmunological analysis, the situation changed. It is no longer possible to imagine modern obstetrics, gynecology and mammology without radiation studies.

Radiation anatomy of the uterus and ovaries

An image of a woman's internal genital organs can be obtained using various radiation methods. Ultrasound scanning (sonography) has acquired the most importance among them. It has no contraindications and can be performed in all phases of the menstrual cycle and at any period of pregnancy. The combination of transvaginal and abdominal sonography is especially valuable.

Metrosalpingography (hysterosalpingography)

Radiation study of hormonal regulation of the reproductive function of the female body

Regulation of all functions of the female reproductive system occurs with the participation of the cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, pituitary gland, ovaries, as well as the uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. The interconnection and coordinated interaction of all elements of this complex system are carried out using a mechanism of multi-stage negative and positive feedback. Violation of one of the links in the chain of regulatory mechanisms is inevitably accompanied by a deregulation of the remaining hormonal relationships. Radioimmunological diagnostic methods allow these violations to be detected already at early stages.

Study of hormonal regulation of reproductive function

Pregnancy and its disorders

The importance of radiation methods in the diagnosis of pregnancy and its disorders is very great. It is enough to list the main tasks of radiation studies.

This is, firstly, confirmation of the fact of pregnancy, establishment of the location of the fetus (in the uterus or abdominal cavity), determination of the number of fetuses, clarification of the age and sex of the fetus and the correctness of its development, recognition of fetal anomalies and its death. Secondly, assessment of the position, size and condition of the placenta and amnion. Thirdly, measurement of the pelvis and assessment of the condition of the birth canal (in particular, exclusion of obstacles to the birth act, such as pelvic deformations, ovarian cysts, etc.). Fourthly, determination of the hormonal status of the pregnant woman.

Diagnosis of pregnancy and its disorders

Diseases of the reproductive system

Radiation methods are widely used in gynecological practice. The tactics of their use are developed taking into account the anamnesis and clinical picture of the disease. The appointment is made by a gynecologist after consultation with a specialist in the field of radiation diagnostics.

In case of menstrual-ovarian cycle disorders, preference is given to radioimmunological examination. Sonography plays the main role in diagnostics of uterine and appendage anomalies, studying their morphology in case of injuries and diseases. If necessary, it is followed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Survey radiography of abdominal and pelvic organs retains a certain importance. Radiographs allow to assess the condition of the skeleton and to identify its changes in case of developmental defects, birth injuries, inflammatory and tumor lesions.

X-ray signs of reproductive system diseases

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