List Diagnostics – L
Enlargement of regional lymph nodes, such as in the neck and other areas, is sometimes the main complaint of patients, leading them to the doctor. However, it is rare to see enlarged lymph nodes that deform the corresponding part of the body. The main method of examining lymph nodes is palpation.
In order to understand the reasons for the enlargement of the lymph nodes, it is necessary to conduct a series of diagnostic studies. The most informative and widespread diagnostic method is currently considered to be a lymph node biopsy.
When examining the respiratory organs (which, as in all other cases, begins with questioning, followed by inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation), the main question that needs to be answered is determining the predominant localization of the process: the respiratory tract, the lung parenchyma or the pleura.
With the development of computer tomography, the importance of X-rays in diagnosing lung diseases has increased even more. With its help, it is possible to identify the earliest changes in the organs of the chest cavity. The radionuclide method has taken an important place in assessing the functional pathology of the lungs, in particular, violations of capillary blood flow in them.
Surgical interventions on female genital organs are carried out mainly in two ways - transabdominal (abdominal wall) or transvaginal.
Currently, liver ultrasound is the most commonly used method in hepatology. Liver ultrasound allows obtaining a cross-sectional image of the liver in an arbitrary plane and determining the depth and extent of the pathological process.
Liver and gallbladder diseases have been known to mankind for many centuries. The great healer Avicenna said, “If you do not treat your liver, or treat it poorly, your disease will first spread to your blood vessels, and then affect your entire body.”
Liver biopsy provides histologic and other information that is not available by other means. Although a biopsy examines only a small piece of tissue, the sample is usually representative, even in focal lesions.
For the first time in clinical practice, lithotripsy in patients with cholelithiasis was used in 1985 by T. Sauerbruch et al.
Ligaments are fibrillar structures that connect two bone structures together. There are two types of ligaments: intra-articular and extra-articular. This difference determines the differentiated approach to their study. Since ultrasound examination of intra-articular ligaments is difficult due to bone structures, MRI is used to evaluate them.
Laryngoscopy is the main type of examination of the larynx. The difficulty of this method is that the longitudinal axis of the larynx is located at a right angle to the axis of the oral cavity, which is why the larynx cannot be examined in the usual way.
Laryngeal stroboscopy is one of the most important methods for studying the movements of the vocal folds, allowing for the visualization of their natural movements in a form adequate for visual perception.
When meeting a patient complaining of a sore throat or difficulty breathing, the doctor first assesses his general condition, the respiratory function of the larynx, predicts the possibility of stenosis and asphyxia and, if indicated, provides emergency care to the patient.
Today, laparoscopy of the cyst is one of the most common and simple operations. The essence of this operation is the creation of three small incisions on the abdominal wall and through them surgical instruments and a video camera are inserted.
Laparoscopy is a method of direct optical examination of abdominal organs. Depending on the time of performance, laparoscopy can be planned or performed urgently, before surgery and in the early or late postoperative periods.
Laparocentesis is used to obtain ascitic fluid for testing. Laparocentesis may also be used to remove tense ascites that is causing breathing difficulties or pain, or as a treatment for chronic ascites.