List Analyzes – U
A urogenital swab is a biological material that is taken from the urogenital area (genitourinary system) of a woman or man to diagnose various infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Urine dilution tests characterize the kidneys' ability to maximally dilute urine under conditions of artificially created hyperhydration. The state of hyperhydration is achieved by a water load, which can be single or long-term.
Urine concentration tests characterize the ability of the kidneys to secrete increased amounts of osmotically active substances to maintain homeostasis under conditions of artificially created dehydration.
Bacteriologic or bacteriologic urine test in pregnancy - refers to tests that allow timely detection of bladder and urinary tract problems
Urine analysis and its interpretation is as important a stage of examination of a nephrological patient as a physical examination, and in some cases even surpasses it in diagnostic value.
Uric acid excreted in urine reflects the intake of purines from food and the breakdown of endogenous purine nucleotides.
Uric acid is a product of the metabolism of purine bases, which are part of complex proteins - nucleoproteins. The resulting uric acid is excreted by the kidneys.
The excretion of urea in urine is proportional to the protein content of the diet, as well as the rate of metabolism of endogenous proteins.
Urea is the end product of protein metabolism in the body. It is removed from the body by glomerular filtration, 40-50% of it is reabsorbed by the tubular epithelium of the kidneys and is actively secreted by tubular cells.
Estriol is the main estrogen synthesized by the placenta during pregnancy. Unbound estriol crosses the placenta and enters the pregnant woman's bloodstream, where it is rapidly converted to glucuronide and sulfate derivatives, facilitating its excretion.