Diseases of the endocrine system and metabolic disorders (endocrinology)

Corticoestroma

Corticoestroma are very rare tumors of the adrenal cortex. They have been described only in men. Less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature to date.

Androsteromas - virilizing tumors - are a rare pathology (1-3% of all tumors). They mostly affect women, mainly under 35 years of age. The researchers' indication of the rarity of androsteromas in men is possibly due to the difficulty of diagnosis - in adult men, virilization is less noticeable and, apparently, some of their androsteromas pass under the guise of hormonally inactive tumors of the adrenal glands.

Glucosteroma

Glucosteroma occurs in 25-30% of patients with signs of total hypercorticism. Among other cortical tumors, it is also the most common. Patients in this group are considered to be the most severe in their condition.

Hormonally active tumors of the adrenal cortex

Hormone-producing tumors of the adrenal cortex are one of the pressing problems of modern endocrinology. Pathogenesis and clinical picture are caused by hyperproduction of certain steroid hormones by tumor tissue.

Pancreatic tumors with carcinoid syndrome

In most cases, they are found in the intestine in the ileocecal angle and in the bronchi, but are rarely functional. Pancreatic carcinoid is capable of secreting almost all peptides characteristic of ortho- and paraendocrine neoplasms.

Parathyrenoma

Hypercalcemia as a leading symptom of endocrine tumors of the pancreas is a rare phenomenon.

Corticotropinoma

Ectopic secretion of ACTH-like activity is known for many organs and tissues, including the pancreas. Clinically, the symptom complex is expressed by glucocorticoid hypercorticism.

Gastrinoma

The unusually severe course of duodenal ulcers associated with a pancreatic tumor was noted as early as 1901, but it was only in 1955 that this combination was identified as an independent syndrome, called ulcerogenic ulcerative diathesis syndrome (or, according to the authors who described it, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome).

PPoma

Pancreatic peptide (PP) is secreted by F-cells of the pancreas. The peptide mainly reduces the contractile function of the gallbladder, increases the tone of the common bile duct and inhibits the endocrine function of the pancreas.

Glucagonoma

Glucagonoma is a tumor of the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon, which leads to the development of a complex of symptoms, most often including dermatitis, diabetes, anemia and weight loss.