Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Juvenile dermatomyositis

Juvenile dermatomyositis (juvenile idiopathic dermatomyositis, juvenile dermatomyositis) is a severe progressive systemic disease with predominant damage to striated muscles, skin and vessels of the microcirculatory bed.

How is systemic lupus erythematosus treated?

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic disease, in which complete and final cure is impossible. The goals of treatment are to suppress the activity of the pathological process, preserve and restore the functional capabilities of the affected organs and systems, induce and maintain clinical and laboratory remission, prevent relapses to achieve a significant life expectancy of patients and ensure a sufficiently high quality of life.

Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus

The diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus is made on the basis of a combination of clinical, instrumental, laboratory and morphological signs present in the patient, which requires a comprehensive examination.

Symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus

Symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus are characterized by pronounced polymorphism, but almost 20% of children have monoorgan variants of the disease onset. The course of systemic lupus erythematosus is usually undulating, with alternating periods of exacerbations and remissions. In general, systemic lupus erythematosus in children is characterized by a more acute onset and course of the disease, earlier and more violent generalization, and a less favorable outcome than in adults.

Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus

A distinctive feature of systemic lupus erythematosus is a disturbance of immune regulation, accompanied by a loss of immunological tolerance to one's own antigens and the development of an autoimmune response with the production of a wide range of antibodies, primarily to chromatin (nucleosome) and its individual components, native DNA and histones.

Causes of systemic lupus erythematosus

The causes of systemic lupus erythematosus development remain unclear to this day, which causes difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. It is assumed that various endo- and exogenous factors influence the development of the disease.

Classification of systemic lupus erythematosus

The nature of the course and the degree of activity of systemic lupus erythematosus are determined in accordance with the classification of V.A. Nasonova (1972-1986). The nature of the course is determined taking into account the severity of the onset, the time of the onset of generalization of the process, the characteristics of the clinical picture and the rate of progression of the disease.

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, which is based on a genetically determined disorder of immune regulation, which determines the formation of organ-nonspecific antibodies to cell nuclear antigens with the development of immune inflammation in the tissues of many organs.

Behcet's disease in children

Behcet's disease is a systemic vasculitis of small vessels with vascular wall necrosis and perivascular lymphomonocytic infiltration; it is characterized by a triad of recurrent aortic stomatitis; genital ulcers and uveitis. It occurs at any age, but in children Behcet's disease is a rare pathology. A genetic predisposition has been identified, as well as a connection with HLA-B5, B-51h, DRW52.

Microscopic polyarteritis

Microscopic polyarteritis is a necrotizing vasculitis with damage to small-caliber vessels, associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA); it is widespread with damage to many organs and systems, but the most pronounced changes are observed in the lungs, kidneys and skin. It has been identified as a separate nosological form of systemic vasculitis in recent years and included in the 1992 classification.