Diseases of children (pediatrics)

What provokes polyarteritis nodosa?

Nodular polyarteritis is classified as a polyetiological disease. Possible causes of its occurrence may be infectious factors, medications, vaccination. In classical nodular polyarteritis, most patients are found to be infected with the hepatitis B virus. In juvenile polyarteritis, the onset of the disease and its exacerbations coincide with a respiratory viral infection, tonsillitis or otitis, less often - with a drug or vaccine provocation.

Polyarteritis nodosa

Polyarteritis nodosa (Kussmaul-Mayer disease, classic polyarteritis nodosa, polyarteritis nodosa with predominant damage to internal organs, polyarteritis nodosa with predominant damage to peripheral vessels, polyarteritis nodosa with leading thromboangiitis syndrome) is an acute, subacute or chronic disease, which is based on damage to peripheral and visceral arteries.

Hemorrhagic vasculitis in children

Henoch-Schonlein disease (hemorrhagic vasculitis, anaphylactoid purpura, hemorrhagic vasculitis, allergic purpura, Henoch hemorrhagic purpura, capillary toxicosis) is a common systemic disease with predominant damage to the microcirculatory bed of the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys.

How is systemic vasculitis treated?

Treatment of the active (acute) period of systemic vasculitis must be carried out in a specialized (rheumatological) hospital; upon achieving remission, the patient must continue treatment on an outpatient basis, under the supervision of a pediatrician, rheumatologist and, if necessary, specialists.

What provokes systemic vasculitis?

Systemic vasculitis develops in children with altered reactivity. Among the factors contributing to its occurrence, the most significant are: frequent acute infectious diseases, foci of chronic infection, drug allergy, hereditary predisposition to vascular or rheumatic diseases.

Systemic vasculitis

Systemic vasculitis is a heterogeneous group of diseases, the main morphological feature of which is inflammation of the vascular wall, and the spectrum of their clinical manifestations depends on the type, size, location of the affected vessels and the severity of the accompanying inflammatory changes.

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis is a disorder of protein metabolism, accompanied by the formation of a specific protein-polysaccharide complex (amyloid) in tissues and damage to many organs and systems.

Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis

Juvenile spondyloarthritis is a group of clinically and pathogenetically similar rheumatic diseases of childhood, including juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile psoriatic arthritis, reactive (postenterocolitic and urogenic) arthritis associated with HLA-B27 antigen, Reiter's syndrome, enteropathic arthritis in inflammatory bowel diseases (regional enteritis, ulcerative colitis).

Reactive arthritis in children

Reactive arthritis is an aseptic inflammatory disease of the joints that develops in response to an extra-articular infection; the presumed primary agent cannot be isolated from the joints using conventional artificial nutrient media.

Treatment of juvenile chronic arthritis

During periods of exacerbation of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the child's motor regime should be limited. Complete immobilization of joints with the application of splints is contraindicated, as this contributes to the development of contractures, muscle atrophy, worsening of osteoporosis, and rapid development of ankylosis. Physical exercise helps maintain the functional activity of joints. Cycling, swimming, and walking are useful. Running, jumping, and active games are undesirable.