Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Chronic pancreatitis in children

Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas with a phase-progressive course, focal or diffuse destructive and degenerative changes in the acinar tissue, duct system, the development of functional insufficiency of varying degrees of severity and subsequent decrease in external and internal secretory functions and the development of fibrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma.

Cystic fibrosis in children

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that affects the exocrine glands, primarily those of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. It results in COPD, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and abnormally high levels of electrolytes in sweat. Diagnosis is by sweat testing or by identifying two mutations that cause cystic fibrosis in patients with characteristic symptoms.

Schwachman-Diamond syndrome.

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pancreatic insufficiency, neutropenia, impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, metaphyseal dysostosis, and failure to thrive.

Acute appendicitis in children

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical disease in children (4:1000). Symptoms of acute appendicitis in children are extremely diverse and variable depending on the age of the patient and the characteristics of reactivity, severity of the inflammatory process, and location of the appendix in the abdominal cavity.

Acute pancreatitis in children

Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory-destructive lesion of the pancreas associated with the activation of pancreatic enzymes within the gland itself and enzymatic toxemia. Acute pancreatitis occurs much less frequently in children than in adults.

What causes acute gastrointestinal illness?

Parenteral dyspepsia is associated with acute diseases outside the gastrointestinal tract (pathology of the respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary and other systems), when the gastrointestinal tract is affected by intoxication, hypoxia, circulatory disorders, changes in the central nervous system and autonomic nervous system, impaired motility, and intestinal dysfunction appears.

Acute gastrointestinal diseases in children

Acute gastrointestinal diseases are the second most common pathology in young children after acute respiratory viral infections. Acute gastrointestinal diseases at this age are never limited to morphological and functional changes in the stomach and intestines alone, but are almost always combined with more or less pronounced disorders of the child's general condition, functions of other organs, and disruption of the acid-base balance, metabolism, especially water-salt metabolism.

Peptic ulcer disease in children

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and/or duodenum is a chronic, cyclical disease characterized by ulceration in the stomach, duodenum, and less commonly in the postbulbar regions.

How is chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis treated?

The main goal of treatment is to normalize the functional and morphological state of the cells of the gastric and duodenal mucosa to achieve long-term and stable remission of the disease.

Diagnosis of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis

To establish a diagnosis of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis, it is necessary to collect anamnesis, including genetic and epidemiological, and also to find out the patient's complaints. Particular attention should be paid to the nature of nutrition, the presence of bad habits, concomitant diseases and previous drug treatment.