Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Symptoms of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis

Clinical symptoms of chronic gastritis or duodenitis in children do not have characteristic specific manifestations. Isolated duodenitis is a rare pathology in childhood. The exact localization of the inflammatory process is established endoscopically.

What causes chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis?

Long-term presence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa leads to neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltration with stimulation of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines, which forms a specific T- and B-cell response and provokes an atrophic process, interstitial metaplasia and neoplasia.

Chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis in children

Chronic gastritis and chronic gastroduodenitis are the most common gastrointestinal diseases in children, occurring at a frequency of 300-400 per 1000 children, with isolated lesions not exceeding 10-15%. Epidemiology of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis in children.

Functional gastric disorder in children

Functional gastric disorder is a disorder of the motor or secretory function of the stomach, occurring with symptoms of gastric dyspepsia, in the absence of morphological changes in the mucous membrane.

Chronic esophagitis in children

Chronic esophagitis is an inflammatory-dystrophic lesion of the mucous membrane of the esophagus. In the structure of diseases of the digestive organs, esophagitis accounts for 11 - 17%.

How is gastroesophageal reflux disease in children treated?

The question of the advisability of prescribing antisecretory drugs (histamine H2 receptor blockers or proton pump inhibitors) is decided individually, taking into account the prevailing clinical symptom complex, the results of the study of the acid-forming function of the stomach (hypersecretory status), daily pH monitoring (pronounced acid gastroesophageal reflux), as well as in case of insufficient effectiveness of the basic treatment program.

Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children

Based on the combination of clinical picture and endoscopic signs, the following forms of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children are distinguished.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in children

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a chronic recurrent disease characterized by cases of pathological reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus, regardless of whether morphological changes in the esophagus occur or not. In most patients, as a result of frequent reflux, the esophageal mucosa becomes inflamed, and reflux esophagitis develops.

Esophageal dyskinesia in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Esophageal dyskinesia is a disorder of esophageal motility in the absence of gastroesophageal reflux and signs of inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Achalasia esophagus in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Esophageal achalasia (cardiospasm) is a primary disorder of the motor function of the esophagus, characterized by an increase in the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which leads to a violation of its relaxation and a decrease in esophageal peristalsis.