Diseases of the eyes (ophthalmology)

Diseases of the teeth and the eye

Changes in the eye most often occur with dental diseases such as caries, periodontitis, periostitis, abscesses, gangrene, periodontosis, granulomas.

HIV infection and eye changes

In patients with acquired immunodeficiency, against the background of other lesions, chorioretinitis is usually detected during generalization of cytomegalovirus infection.

Endocrine pathology and eye changes

With insufficient activity of the parathyroid glands as a result of hypocalcemia, cataracts develop along with convulsions, tachycardia, and respiratory disorders.

Blood diseases and eye changes

In cases of anemia (aplastic, hypochromic, pernicious, secondary), pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, hemorrhages under the conjunctiva and into the thickness of the eyelids, which are based on tissue hypoxia, are observed; paralysis of the external muscles of the eyeball may occur.

Pregnancy toxicosis and eye changes

If pregnancy proceeds normally, there are no changes in the retinal vessels. As an exception, angiospasm and hyperemia of the optic nerve disc are sometimes observed without a decrease in visual acuity.

Kidney disease and eye changes

Chronic glomerulonephritis often causes changes in the retinal vessels - narrowing of the retinal arteries (renal antiopathy). With prolonged kidney disease, sclerotic changes occur in the vessel walls, and renal retinopathy develops in the retina.

Hypertension and eye changes

In hypertension of any genesis, changes in the vessels of the fundus are observed. The degree of expression of these changes depends on the height of arterial pressure and the duration of hypertension.

Ocular manifestations of craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis is a group of rare inherited disorders characterized by premature closure of the cranial sutures in combination with severe orbital abnormalities.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the eye

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary malignant orbital tumor in children. The primary role of the ophthalmologist is to establish the diagnosis by biopsy and refer the patient to a pediatric oncologist.

Lymphomas of the eye

Lymphomas of the accessory apparatus of the eye (conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and orbit) account for approximately 8% of all extranodal lymphomas. Lymphoma, like benign lymphoid hyperplasia, is classified as a lymphoproliferative disease.