Diseases of the ear, throat and nose (otolaryngology)

Laryngeal malformations: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Laryngeal malformations are rare. Some of them are completely incompatible with life, for example, with laryngotracheopulmonary agenesis, atresia with complete obstruction of the larynx or trachea and bronchi.

Core laryngitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Usually, when measles laryngitis occurs, the measles virus affects the entire respiratory tree, so that the laryngeal disease is only a special case of the general inflammatory process in the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Brucellotyphoid laryngitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

It is known that S. typhi, discovered by Eberth Perth and named in his honor Eberthella typhi, has high penetrance in relation to lymphoid tissue, affecting mainly the lymphatic system of the abdominal cavity and, in particular, group lymphatic follicles of the small intestine and solitary follicles.

Influenza laryngitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The favorite localization of influenza infection is the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and in particular the larynx. Usually, the manifestation of influenza in this area occurs in the form of catarrhal inflammation, but in more severe forms of influenza, hemorrhagic laryngitis is often observed, manifested by submucous hemorrhages or fibrinous-exudative laryngitis with pronounced exudation of fibrin and ulceration of the mucous membrane.

Diphtheria of the larynx

Laryngeal diphtheritic croup is observed in severe forms of diphtheria, manifested by signs of a general infectious disease. And although diphtheritic sore throat and laryngitis are rare nowadays, thanks to vaccination with anti-diphtheria toxoid, there are still cases of acute primary diphtheritic laryngitis, limited only to the larynx disease.

Arthritis of the joints of the larynx: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Arthritis of the laryngeal joints occurs primarily and secondarily. Primary arthritis is caused by rheumatoid infection and manifests itself along with damage to other joints - hands, feet, less often larger joints (rheumatoid and rheumatic polyarthritis).

Chondroperichondritis of the larynx: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Chondroperichondritis of the larynx is an inflammation of the perichondrium and cartilages of the laryngeal skeleton, caused either by the diseases described above (laryngeal tonsillitis, acute laryngobronchitis, submucous laryngeal abscess), or resulting from traumatic injury to the larynx with damage to the mucous membrane and perichondrium and secondary infection, or as a result of ulceration of the mucous membrane in diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis, etc.