Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is arthritis of unknown cause, lasting more than 6 weeks, developing in children under 16 years of age with the exclusion of other joint pathologies.

Thrombocytopathies

Thrombocytopathies are hemostasis disorders caused by qualitative inferiority of blood platelets with their normal quantity. There are hereditary and acquired ones.

Hapten immune thrombocytopenia.

Symptoms of haptenic immune thrombocytopenia develop acutely. Formation of petechiae is spontaneous. Purpura manifests itself as petechial-spotted hemorrhages in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, bleeding from the mucous membranes, and nosebleeds. There may be gastrointestinal and uterine bleeding in girls at puberty.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in children.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is characterized by eczema, recurrent infections, and thrombocytopenia. Symptoms of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome appear in the neonatal period or in the first months of life. Most often, children die at an early age. In the neonatal period, bleeding is often represented by melena, later purpura occurs.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in children

Idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura is a disease characterized by an isolated decrease in the number of platelets (less than 100,000/mm3) with a normal or increased number of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and the presence of antiplatelet antibodies on the surface of platelets and in the blood serum, causing increased destruction of platelets.

Platelet diseases

When the number of platelets decreases or their function is impaired, bleeding may occur. The most typical bleeding is from damaged skin and mucous membranes: petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis, nasal, uterine, gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria. Intracranial hemorrhages are quite rare.

Thrombophilia: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Thrombophilia is a chronic condition of the body in which, over a long period (months, years, throughout life), there is a tendency either to spontaneous thrombus formation or to uncontrolled spread of the thrombus beyond the damaged area.

Willebrand's disease in children

Von Willebrand disease is an autosomal dominant inheritance disorder that results from a quantitative deficiency or qualitative defect in von Willebrand factor.

Hemophilia

Hemophilia is a group of hereditary diseases caused by a genetically determined defect in the synthesis of antihemophilic plasma factors.

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD). LAD type 1 - inheritance is autosomal recessive, the disease occurs in both sexes. The disease is based on a mutation of the gene encoding the beta2-subunit of neutrophil integrin (the central link in cellular complement-dependent interactions).