Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Spider and insect bites

At the site of the scorpion bite, there is a sharp, unbearable pain that lasts for several hours, and blisters filled with liquid, followed by the formation of a dark pink dot. Signs of intoxication quickly develop: fever, weakness, dizziness; then convulsions, difficulty breathing and swallowing, increased blood pressure, in severe cases - shock and respiratory arrest.

Venomous snake bites: emergency medical treatment

According to WHO, snake venom poisoning is registered annually in 500,000 people, among them 6-8% of cases are fatal. The most severe poisoning occurs when a snake bites the head and neck or when the venom gets directly into the blood. When bitten by asps and sea snakes, there is often no pain, but within 20-30 minutes the condition sharply worsens, weakness develops, a feeling of numbness in the face and body, and collapse due to the release of histamine.

Bites by marine animals and fish

There are poisonous and non-poisonous bites from sea animals and fish. Non-poisonous but extensive damage can be caused by sharks, moray eels, eels, barracudas, etc. In these cases, emergency care is provided according to the standard wound treatment scheme: stopping bleeding, replenishing the volume of circulating blood, pain relief.

Carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) poisoning in a child\

Carbon monoxide (CO) has a much stronger affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen, and forms a strong bond with hemoglobin - carboxyhemoglobin, which prevents normal oxygen transfer to tissues. The toxic effect of CO is not limited to the development of tissue hypoxia and a shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.

Acute inhalation lesions

The leading role in changing the condition of victims of a fire is played by direct damage to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract by hot air and combustion products, as well as inhalation poisoning by toxic substances, including carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide, CO).

Prolonged compression syndrome

Crush syndrome develops with prolonged (over several hours) pressure on any part of the body. After the limb is released, endotoxic shock may develop. The released limb is enlarged in volume due to edema, cyanotic, and blisters with hemorrhagic fluid are formed.

Electric shock to children

High-voltage electric current causes severe thermal damage, including charring (superficial burns, wounds at the entry and exit points of the current, burn arcs). When exposed to low-voltage current, the development of cardiac arrhythmias, primary and secondary respiratory arrest, disturbances of consciousness, paresthesia and paralysis come to the fore.

Frostbite in children

Frostbite is tissue damage caused by exposure to low temperatures. Local damage can occur at temperatures both above and below the freezing point of water. The pathogenesis of frostbite is based on neurovascular reactions that lead to disruption of tissue metabolism, tissue anoxia, increased blood viscosity, increased thrombus formation, and cessation of blood circulation.

Drowning: emergency treatment for drowning

Drowning is death from hypoxia due to lack of oxygen or laryngospasm after immersion in water or another liquid.

Status epilepticus in children

Status epilepticus is a periodic seizure activity lasting more than 30 minutes, during which consciousness is not restored.