Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Juvenile osteochondrosis of the spine

Juvenile osteochondrosis of the spine is designated in ICD-10 by the code M42.0. Its other names: osteochondropathy of the vertebral apophyses, aseptic necrosis of the vertebral apophyses, Scheuermann-Mau disease, osteochondropathic kyphosis, juvenile kyphosis. The disease occurs more often in young men during the period of growth of the body, at the age of 11-18 years.

Spondylolisthesis in children

The diagnosis of spondylolisthesis (Latin spondylolisthesis; from the Greek spondylos - vertebra, listhesis - slipping) means the forward displacement of a vertebra (ICD-10 code M43.1). Most often, the body of the 5th lumbar vertebra (L5) is displaced in relation to the 1st sacral (S1) and the 4th lumbar (L4) to the 5th lumbar (L5).

Scoliosis treatment

The goal of conservative treatment of scoliosis is to prevent the spinal deformity from further progression. Treatment principles: axial unloading of the spine and creation of a strong muscular corset by using physical methods of treatment. Therapeutic gymnastics - a special set of exercises corresponding to an individual diagnosis, is performed initially on an outpatient basis, under the supervision of a physical therapy specialist, and then at home for 30-40 minutes.

Scoliosis diagnosis

In pediatric practice, timely diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis is of primary importance. This is a severe orthopedic disease, expressed in multiplanar deformation of the spine and chest. The name "idiopathic" implies a cause of the disease unknown to modern science.

Scoliosis in children

One of the most common orthopedic diseases in children is scoliosis, or lateral curvature of the spine (ICD-10 code M41). The frequency of scoliotic spinal deformities, according to various authors, ranges from 3 to 7%, with idiopathic scoliosis accounting for 90%. Scoliosis occurs in all races and nationalities, and is more common in women - up to 90%.

Posture disorder in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Postural disorders in children are noted both in the frontal (when viewed from the front and back) and in the sagittal plane (when viewed from the side).

Juvenile epiphyseolysis of the femoral head: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is the third most common hip joint disease. This endocrine-orthopedic disease is based on a disruption of the correlative relationship between sex hormones and growth hormones - two groups of hormones that play a major role in the functioning of the cartilaginous epiphyseal plates.

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (or osteochondrosis of the femoral head) is the most common type of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in childhood. To date, the disease has led to severe disturbances in the anatomical structure and function of the hip joint, and, consequently, to disability of patients.

Treatment of congenital hip dislocation

The goal of treatment of congenital hip dislocation and hip dysplasia is concentric reduction of the femoral head into the acetabulum with creation and maximum maintenance of conditions for development of joint components. This goal is achieved by functional conservative and surgical treatment.

Congenital dislocation of the hip

Congenital hip dislocation is a severe pathology characterized by underdevelopment of all elements of the hip joint (bones, ligaments, joint capsule, muscles, vessels, nerves) and disruption of the spatial relationships of the femoral head and acetabulum.