Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Causes and pathogenesis of candidiasis in children

The genus Candida includes 30 species with 6 variants. Yeast-like fungi grow in aerobic conditions and are considered opportunistic microorganisms. They tolerate repeated freezing and remain viable in a dried state for several years. They die almost instantly when boiled. Common disinfectant solutions kill them within a few minutes.

Candida infection (candidiasis, thrush) in children

Candidal infection (candidiasis, candidiasis, thrush) is a disease caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. Fungi of the genus Candida are capable of affecting all mucous membranes, skin, nail folds, nails, and can spread hematogenously, causing damage to various organs and systems (candida sepsis).

Infectious mononucleosis in children

Infectious mononucleosis is a polyetiological disease caused by viruses from the Herpesviridae family, which occurs with fever, sore throat, polyadenitis, enlargement of the liver and spleen, and the appearance of atypical mononuclears in the peripheral blood.

What causes intestinal yersiniosis?

The causative agent of intestinal yersiniosis is a short gram-negative rod, mobile at temperatures from +4 to -28 °C, immobile at 37 °C. Facultative aerobe, not encapsulated, does not form spores. Undemanding to nutrient media, grows well at low temperatures. According to biochemical properties, strains of Y. enterocolitica are divided into five biovars.

Intestinal (intraintestinal) yersiniosis in children

Intestinal yersiniosis is an acute infectious disease from the group of anthropozoonoses with symptoms of intoxication and predominant damage to the gastrointestinal tract, liver, joints, and, less often, other organs.

Treatment of diphtheria in children

The success of diphtheria treatment depends mainly on the timely administration of antitoxic antidiphtheria serum. Early administration and sufficient doses of serum provide a favorable outcome even in severe toxic forms. Antidiphtheria serum equine purified concentrated liquid is used.

Causes and pathogenesis of diphtheria

The causative agent of diphtheria is Corynebacterium diphtheriae - a thin, slightly curved rod with club-shaped thickenings at the ends, motionless; does not form spores, capsules or flagella, gram-positive. According to the ability to form a toxin, diphtheria corynebacteria are divided into toxigenic and non-toxigenic.

Diphtheria in children

Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of corynebacteria, characterized by an inflammatory process with the formation of a fibrinous film at the site of introduction of the pathogen, phenomena of general intoxication as a result of the entry of exotoxin into the blood, causing severe complications such as infectious toxic shock, myocarditis, polyneuritis and nephrosis.

Herpes simplex in children

Simple herpes is clinically manifested by damage to many organs and tissues, accompanied by the appearance of grouped vesicular rashes on the skin and mucous membranes. It has a tendency to a long latent course with periodic relapses.

Treatment and prevention of hemophilus influenzae infection

Antibiotics are of primary importance in the complex therapy of diseases caused by H. influenzae. The drugs of choice are cephalosporins of the third and fourth generations. The pathogen is also highly sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, rifampicin, but is resistant to oxacillin, lincomycin, etc. In severe cases, it is recommended to prescribe two antibiotics.