H. influenzae are gram-negative pleomorphic rod-shaped or coccoid cells measuring (0.2-0.3) x (0.5-2) µm. They are located in smears singly or in pairs, and sometimes in the form of short chains and groups. On dense media they form small (up to 1 mm in diameter) round colorless colonies. Microorganisms are immobile, do not form spores, but the formation of capsular forms is possible, with which pathogenic properties are associated. The pathogen produces endotoxin, the carrier of which is considered to be capsular polysaccharides.
Crimean hemorrhagic fever is a natural focal viral disease transmitted by ixodid ticks. The disease is accompanied by fever, severe intoxication and hemorrhagic syndrome.
Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHF) is an acute infectious disease of viral origin with a transmissible route of transmission, accompanied by fever, hemorrhagic diathesis, transient damage to the kidneys, central nervous system and lungs.
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) (hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis, Tula, Ural, Yaroslavl fever) is an acute infectious disease of viral origin, characterized by fever, intoxication, hemorrhagic and renal syndromes.
Opisthorchiasis is a chronic helminthiasis with predominant damage to the biliary system and pancreas. In children - native inhabitants of highly endemic foci, the invasion usually proceeds subclinically and is realized in adulthood or old age. In the endemic area, in visitors from areas non-endemic for opisthorchiasis, an acute stage of the disease of varying severity develops with subsequent transition to chronic.
Trichinellosis is an acute febrile disease caused by the roundworm Trichinella. It is accompanied by muscle pain, facial swelling, various skin rashes, hypereosinophilia of the blood, and in severe cases - myocarditis, focal lung lesions, and meningoencephalitis.
Trichuriasis is a chronic helminthiasis caused by a roundworm, the whipworm, with predominant damage to the gastrointestinal tract, anemia and asthenia. Trichuriasis is widespread in all climatic zones of the globe, excluding deserts and permafrost zones. The incidence of the population of the humid tropics and subtropics is especially high, where the invasion is detected in 40-50% of cases. Code by
Ascariasis is an invasion by the roundworm Ascaris. It may initially occur as an allergic disease with fever, skin rashes, "flying" eosinophilic infiltrates in the lungs, hypereosinophilia of the blood; in the chronic stage, ascariasis is usually accompanied by moderate abdominal pain, dyspeptic disorders, and sometimes asthenia.
The incubation period of HIV infection is from 2 weeks to 2 months. The duration of the incubation period depends on the routes and nature of infection, the infecting dose, the age of the child and many other factors. In case of infection through blood transfusions, this period is short, and in case of infection through sexual intercourse, it is longer.
