The cardiovascular system

Heart

The heart (cor) is a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood into the arteries and receives venous blood. The heart is located in the chest cavity as part of the organs of the middle mediastinum.

Taking into account the structure of the walls, there are two types of veins: amuscular and muscular veins. Veins of the amuscular type are the veins of the dura mater and pia mater, the retina, bones, spleen and other organs of the immune system.

Microcirculatory bed

The arterial link of the vascular system ends with the vessels of the microcirculatory bed. In each organ, according to its structure and functions, the vessels of the microcirculatory bed may have structural and microtopographic features.

Arteries

Arteries that supply blood to the walls of the body are called parietal (wall arteries), arteries of internal organs are called visceral (visceral). Among arteries, there are also extraorgan arteries that carry blood to an organ, and intraorgan arteries that branch within an organ and supply its individual parts (lobes, segments, lobules).

The structure of the cardiovascular system

The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels. The cardiovascular system performs the functions of transporting blood, and along with it, nutrients and activating substances to organs and tissues (oxygen, glucose, proteins, hormones, vitamins, etc.). Metabolic products are transported from organs and tissues through blood vessels (veins).