The cardiovascular system

Anterior tibial artery

The anterior tibial artery (a. tibialis anterior) branches off from the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa (at the lower edge of the popliteal muscle), enters the popliteal canal and immediately leaves it through the anterior opening in the upper part of the interosseous membrane of the leg.

Posterior tibial artery.

The posterior tibial artery (a. tibialis posterior) serves as a continuation of the popliteal artery, passes through the tibialis popliteal canal, which leaves under the medial edge of the soleus muscle.

Subchondral artery

The popliteal artery (a. poplitea) is a continuation of the femoral artery. At the level of the lower edge of the popliteal muscle, it divides into its terminal branches - the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.

Femoral artery

The femoral artery (s. femoralis) is a continuation of the external iliac artery, passes under the inguinal ligament (through the vascular lacuna) lateral to the vein of the same name, follows the iliopectineal groove downwards, being covered (in the femoral triangle) only by fascia and skin.

Arteries of the lower extremity

The femoral artery (a. femoralis) is a continuation of the external iliac artery, passes under the inguinal ligament (through the vascular lacuna) lateral to the vein of the same name, follows the iliopectineal groove downwards, being covered (in the femoral triangle) only by fascia and skin.

Common, internal and external iliac arteries

The common iliac artery (a. iliaca communis) is paired and is formed by the division (bifurcation) of the abdominal part of the aorta; its length is 5-7 cm, diameter is 11.0-12.5 mm. The arteries diverge to the sides, go downwards and outwards at an angle that is greater in women than in men.

The abdominal part of the aorta

From the abdominal part of the aorta, parietal branches extend to the walls of the body and visceral branches supply blood to the internal organs located in the abdominal cavity and, partially, in the pelvic cavity.

Thoracic aorta

Two types of branches extend from the thoracic part of the aorta: parietal and visceral branches.

Radial artery

The radial artery (a. radialis) begins 1-3 cm distal to the radial-humeral joint space and continues the direction of the brachial artery. Initially, the radial artery lies between the pronator teres and the brachioradialis muscle, and in the lower third of the forearm it is covered only by fascia and skin, so its pulsation is easy to feel here.

Elbow artery

The ulnar artery (a. ulnaris) is a continuation of the brachial artery, from which it branches off in the cubital fossa at the level of the coronoid process of the ulna. Then, on its way to the hand, the artery goes under the round pronator, giving off muscular branches to it.