X-rays (X-ray studies)

Metrosalpingography (hysterosalpingography)

A special technique, metrosalpingography, is used to examine the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. Metrosalpingography (hysterosalpingography) is an X-ray performed after filling the uterine cavity and tubes with a contrast agent through the cervical canal.

X-rays of the uterus and ovaries

In those years when only X-ray methods were used to examine the reproductive organs, radiation diagnostics occupied a relatively modest place in obstetrics and gynecology. Its development was held back by the danger of radiation damage to the fetus or gonads. However, when methods unrelated to radiation exposure appeared, especially ultrasound and radioimmunological analysis, the situation changed. It is no longer possible to imagine modern obstetrics, gynecology and mammology without radiation studies.

X-ray of the eye socket

The organ of vision consists of the eyeball, its protective parts (the eye socket and eyelids) and the appendages of the eye (the lacrimal and motor apparatus). The eye socket (orbit) is shaped like a truncated tetrahedral pyramid.

X-rays of the ear and temporal bone

Plain X-rays of the skull do not provide a complete picture of the condition of the temporal bone. For this reason, specialists in the field of radiology mainly use targeted images and X-ray computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

X-rays of the larynx and pharynx

Pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy provide an examination of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and larynx and the function of the vocal cords. Important additional data on the condition of the walls of these organs, in particular on the perilaryngeal tissues and cartilages of the larynx, can be obtained by computed tomography.

X-ray of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

X-ray examination (X-ray) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, larynx, auditory organ, as well as the eye and eye socket, gained full recognition in the clinic already in the first years after the discovery of X-ray radiation.

X-ray of the adrenal glands

Radiographic methods are of great help to the clinician in recognizing adrenal lesions. These glands are not visible on plain radiographs. Only in cases where Addison's disease is associated with tuberculous lesions of the adrenal glands are small calcified deposits sometimes visible in the latter.

Thyroid X-ray

Recognition of endocrine gland diseases is one of the brightest pages of radiation diagnostics. With the help of radiation methods, the doctor determines changes in the structure of the gland and focal formations in it. Moreover, he can detect and quantitatively evaluate the dysfunction of each gland and the "governing bodies" of the hormonal hierarchy - the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

Bone X-rays

The X-ray method made it possible to obtain new data on the anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system: to study the structure and function of bones and joints during life, in the whole organism, when a person is exposed to various environmental factors.

X-rays of the spine and spinal cord

The spine consists of 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx. In healthy people, it forms characteristic physiological curves: forward in the cervical and lumbar regions and backward in the thoracic and sacral regions. The size of the vertebral bodies gradually increases in the caudal direction, i.e. downwards. The vertebral body on radiographs has the shape of a rectangle with slightly concave lateral edges and rounded corners.