Muscles causing pain in the neck and back

The muscle that straightens the spine and back pain

The back muscles should be moderately stretched, which allows for the detection of tense thickenings containing trigger zones. The degree of their stretching is regulated by pulling the knees to the chest. Superficial palpation reveals areas of pain and often referred pain.

Broadest muscle of the back and back pain

Extends the shoulder. Brings the arm to the body and pronates the abducted shoulder, lowers the raised arm; if the arms are fixed on a horizontal bar, pulls the body to them (when climbing, swimming).

Anterior serrated muscle and back pain

With simultaneous contraction of all fibers, it holds the scapula in place, shifting it somewhat forward. The upper teeth of this muscle pull the medial angle of the scapula forward and laterally.

The muscle that lifts the scapula and back pain

With a fixed neck, it first participates in the rotation of the scapula, lowering the glenoid cavity, and then lifts the scapula up. If the scapula is fixed by other muscles, it helps complete the rotation of the neck to its side.

The greater and lesser rhomboid muscles

They move the scapula toward the spine and partly upward. They also rotate the scapula medially, lowering the glenoid cavity downward. These muscles assist in strong adduction and extension of the shoulder, stabilizing the scapula.

Belt muscles

In the splenius capitis muscle, trigger points are determined by deep palpation. These points are usually found in the part of the muscle that lies subcutaneously within the muscular triangle formed by the trapezius muscle at the back, the sternocleidomastoid muscle at the front, and the levator scapulae muscle.

Trapezius muscle and neck pain

With bilateral contraction of all fibers, the muscle promotes extension of the cervical and thoracic spine. When the upper fibers contract, the scapula and clavicle (shoulder girdle) rise upward, while the scapula rotates its lower angle laterally. With a fixed scapula (by other muscles), the upper bundles of the trapezius muscle deflect the head to their side.

Ladder muscles

Scalene muscles - mm. scalenii Raise the upper ribs, acting as inhalation muscles. With fixed ribs, contracting on both sides, they bend the cervical spine, and with one-sided contraction - bend and rotate it to their side.