Infectious and parasitic diseases

Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis

Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (late-ulcerating, urban) is a typical anthroponosis, in which the source of the pathogen is a sick person. Mostly city dwellers suffer from anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Leishmanioses

Leishmaniasis is an obligate transmissible disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Leishmania carriers are dipterous insects: the Old World - mosquitoes of the genus Phlebotomus, the New World - the genus Lutzomya. The main natural reservoirs are rodents and representatives of the canine family.

American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)

American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) is a transmissible natural focal protozoan disease, characterized by the presence of acute and chronic phases during the process. In 1907, the Brazilian doctor Chagas discovered the pathogen in triatomine (kissing) bugs, and in 1909 he isolated it from the blood of a patient and described the disease it caused, named after him Chagas disease.

African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Trypanosomiasis is a group of transmissible tropical diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. Trypanosomes undergo a complex development cycle with a change of hosts, during which they are in morphologically different stages. Trypanosomes reproduce by longitudinal division and feed on dissolved substances.

Naegleriasis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Naegleriasis is a protozoan disease caused by Naegleria fowleri, which affects the skin, lungs, eyes and central nervous system.

Acanthamoebiasis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Acanthamoebiasis is a protozoan disease caused by various species of free-living amoebas, which manifests itself in lesions of the eyes, skin and central nervous system.

Tsutsugamushi fever: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Tsutsugamushi fever (synonyms: Japanese river fever (English), schichito disease (Japanese-English), Malayan rural typhus, New Guinea fever) is an acute transmissible natural focal rickettsiosis characterized by fever and other manifestations of intoxication, the development of a typical primary affect, abundant maculopapular rash, and lymphadenopathy.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (synonyms: American tick-borne rickettsiosis, Texas fever, Brazilian typhus, etc.) is an acute natural focal zoonotic rickettsiosis transmitted by ixodid ticks and characterized by remittent fever, severe intoxication, damage to the nervous and vascular systems, and abundant maculopapular rash.

Cryptococcosis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Cryptococcosis is a disease caused by a representative of the yeast-like fungi of the genus Cryptoccocus, related to opportunistic infections. In immunocompetent individuals, the pathogen is localized in the lungs; in immunodeficient states, the process generalizes with the involvement of the meninges, kidneys, skin, and skeletal system.

Isosporosis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Isosporiasis is an anthroponotic disease that affects only humans and is characterized by acute enteritis or enterocolitis and spontaneous recovery. In immunosuppressed individuals, the disease becomes chronic (chronic diarrhea) and can be fatal.