Diseases of the eyes (ophthalmology)

Strabismus

Strabismus (heterotropia) is a deviation of one eye from a common fixation point, accompanied by a disturbance of binocular vision.

Opticochiasmal arachnoiditis.

Neuritis of central origin also includes a disease of the optic nerve called "opticochiasmatic arachnoiditis".

Inflammation of the optic nerve can occur not only in the part that is located within the eyeball and in close proximity to the eye, but also in the part that is behind the eye and even in the cranial cavity (the optic nerve includes part of the visual pathway to the plasma).

Inflammation of the optic nerve

Inflammation of the optic nerve (neuritis) can develop both in its fibers and in the membranes. According to the clinical course, two forms of inflammation of the optic nerve are distinguished: intrabulbar and retrobulbar.

Optic atrophy

Clinically, optic nerve atrophy is a combination of symptoms: visual impairment (decreased visual acuity and development of visual field defects) and pallor of the optic nerve head.

Congestive optic disc

There are quite a few processes that lead to increased intracranial pressure. The first place among them is occupied by intracranial tumors: they are the cause of the occurrence of congestive optic discs in 2/3 of cases.

Ischemic optic neuropathy: anterior, posterior

The disease is based on an acute disruption of arterial circulation in the system of vessels that feed the optic nerve.

Toxic lesions of the optic nerve: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Many toxic lesions of the optic nerve occur as retrobulbar neuritis, but the pathology is based not on an inflammatory process, but on a dystrophic one.

Optic neuritis

The inflammatory process in the optic nerve - neuritis - can develop both in its fibers and in the membranes. According to the clinical course, two forms of optic neuritis are distinguished - intrabulbar and retrobulbar.

Developmental anomalies of the optic disc

Optic nerve aplasia is a rare, very severe pathology in which the optic nerve does not form at all and visual functions are absent due to delayed ingrowth of the axons of the second neuron into the peduncle of the optic cup or due to premature closure of the embryonic fissure.