Diseases of the nervous system (neurology)

Gerstmann-Straussler-Schenker syndrome.

Gerstmann-Straussler-Schenker syndrome is an autosomal dominant prion disease that begins in middle age.

Chorea, athetosis and hemiballism.

Athetosis - worm-like movements, mainly in the distal parts of the limb, alternating positions of the proximal parts of the limb form a picture of snake-like movements. Chorea and athetosis are often combined (choreoathetosis). Hemiballismus - unilateral violent movements in the proximal part of the arm, imitating a throw.

Progressive supranuclear palsy.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome) is a rare degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by loss of voluntary eye movements, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity with progressive axial dystonia, pseudobulbar palsy and dementia.

Cerebellar abnormalities

Cerebellar disorders arise from a variety of causes, including congenital malformations, hereditary ataxias, and acquired diseases.

Disorder of neuromuscular transmission

Disruption of neuromuscular transmission occurs due to defects in postsynaptic receptors (e.g., myasthenia) or presynaptic release of acetylcholine (e.g., botulism), as well as the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft (the effect of drugs or neurotoxic drugs).

Hereditary neuropathies

Hereditary neuropathies are congenital degenerative neurological disorders. A distinction is made between sensorimotor and sensory hereditary neuropathies.

Motoneuron diseases

Motor neuron diseases are characterized by steadily progressive degeneration of the corticospinal tracts, anterior horn neurons, bulbar motor nuclei, or a combination of these lesions. What causes motor neuron disease? Symptoms of motor neuron disease. Diagnosis of motor neuron disease. Treatment of motor neuron disease

Radiculopathy

Radiculopathy, or damage to the nerve roots, is manifested by the appearance of segmental radicular symptoms (pain or paresthesia distributed across the dermatome and weakness of the muscles innervated by this root).

Pituitary adenoma

Pituitary adenoma is the most common brain tumor, more specifically, of the chiasmal-sellar localization, and, according to various sources, accounts for 6.7 to 18% of all brain tumors. The source of this type of tumor is the cells of the anterior pituitary gland.

Types of brain tumor

Classification approaches to the division of detected brain tumors are determined mainly by two tasks. The first of them is the designation and assessment of the individual variant of the anatomical and topographic features of the location of the brain tumor in relation to the choice of the variant of surgical intervention or the determination of the individual tactics of conservative treatment, the prediction of its outcomes.