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Research of hemostasis system

Coagulogram rate

The norm of the coagulogram is very important. The fact is that the analysis should correspond to some acceptable figures. Any deviation indicates the presence of problems in the human body. More details about this issue can be found below.

Coagulogram

Coagulogram is a type of blood test. It is conducted solely for the purpose of studying the ability of clotting. This is a very urgent issue for today.

D dimer

When fibrin fibers are cleaved, fragments are formed-D-dimers. When determining the content of D-dimers with the help of specific antisera, one can judge to what extent fibrinolysis, but not fibrogenolysis, is expressed in the test blood. The increased content of D-dimer is one of the main markers of activation of the hemostasis system, since it reflects both the formation of fibrin in the blood under study, and its lysis.

Products of fibrinogen / fibrin degradation

The degradation products of fibrinogen / fibrin are formed in the body upon activation of the fibrinolysis system (interaction of plasmin with fibrinogen and fibrin), which develops in response to intravascular fibrin formation. The degradation products of fibrinogen / fibrin have antithromboplastin, antithrombin and antipolymerase action.

Alpha 2 antiplasmin

Alpha2-antiplasmin is the main fast-acting plasmin inhibitor. It suppresses fibrinolytic and esterase activity almost instantaneously. The mechanism of its action is based on the fact that it interferes with the adsorption of plasminogen on fibrin, thus reducing the amount of plasmin formed on the surface of the clot and thereby dramatically slowing down fibrinolysis.

Plasminogen

Plasminogen (profibrinolysin) is an inactive precursor of the enzyme plasmin (fibrinolysin). Determination of plasminogen is crucial for assessing the state of the fibrinolytic system.

Protein S

Protein S is a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein. It circulates in the blood in two forms: free (40%) and associated with the C4-component of complement (60%). They are in dynamic equilibrium, but only free protein is active. Protein S is a cofactor of protein C in the process of inactivation of Va and VIIIa of clotting factors.

Protein C

Protein C is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein of blood plasma. It is synthesized by the liver in the form of inactive proenzyme, which under the influence of the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex turns into an active form. Activated protein C is an anticoagulant enzyme that selectively inactivates Va and VIIIa factors by hydrolyzing them in the presence of ionized calcium, phospholipids and its cofactor protein S, thereby preventing the prothrombin from passing to thrombin.

Activated clotting time (ABC)

The method of determining the activated blood clotting time (ABC) allows to control and regulate the level of heparinization of the patient during the operation of artificial organs (artificial circulation apparatus, artificial kidney, liver, hemosorption), calculate the neutralizing dose of protamine sulfate and evaluate the completeness of heparin neutralization.

Heparin in plasma

Heparin is a sulfated polysaccharide, synthesized in mast cells, does not penetrate the placenta. A lot of it is found in the liver and lungs. Turns antithrombin III into an immediate anticoagulant. With fibrinogen, plasmin and adrenaline forms complexes possessing anticoagulant and fibrinolytic action.