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Proteins and protein fractions

Bence-Jones protein

The urine of a healthy person does not contain the Bence-Jones protein, which is represented by light chains of immunoglobulins that are detected as a result of the formation of malignant tumor processes.

Analysis of RAPP

In this material, we will talk about the analysis of RAPP-A - plasma protein, the determination of which during pregnancy is of no small importance.

Homocysteine in serum

Homocysteine is a product of the exchange of amino acids (conversion of methionine to cysteine). Approximately 70% of plasma homocysteine is associated with albumin, 30% is oxidized to disulfide and only 1% is in a free state.

Ammonia in serum

Ammonia - a product of protein metabolism, is formed in all tissues. The largest amount of ammonia (80%) is formed inside the intestines under the influence of bacteria.

Uric acid in the urine

Uric acid excreted in urine reflects the intake of purines with food and the breakdown of endogenous purine nucleotides.

Uric acid in blood serum

Uric acid is a product of the exchange of purine bases, which are part of complex proteins-nucleoproteins. Formed uric acid is secreted by the kidneys.

The clearance of endogenous creatinine (Reberga-Tareev test)

The test of Reberg-Tareev allows to judge the glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption in the kidneys. The test is based on the fact that creatinine is filtered only by the glomerulus, is not practically absorbed and secreted by the tubules in a small amount.

Creatinine in urine

Daily excretion of creatinine with urine is relatively constant, is equivalent to daily production and directly depends on the mass of muscles and excretory capacity of the kidneys.

Serum creatinine

Creatinine is the final product of the breakdown of creatine, which plays an important role in the energy metabolism of muscle and other tissues.

Urea (Urea Nitrogen) in the urine

Urea excretion in urine is proportional to the protein content in the diet, as well as the metabolic rate of endogenous proteins.