Ultrasound diagnosis (ultrasound)

Shoulder ultrasound

In most medical institutions, X-ray examination of the shoulder joint remains mandatory in the algorithm for examining patients with shoulder pathology. It is well known that X-ray examination is highly informative when searching for traumatic injuries to bone structures.

Bone ultrasound

It is impossible to study the bone structure using the ultrasound method. However, the ultrasound method can be used to evaluate the bone surface and cortex. Targeted examination of the bone surface is carried out in rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, and various infections. Marginal erosions and synovial ulcers are best detected by ultrasound examination.

Joint ultrasound

A joint is a complex organ consisting of a capsule, synovial membrane, cartilage and bone. In addition, there are ligaments, tendons and muscles to stabilize the joint. Not all joints are the same in structure.

Nerve ultrasound

The emergence of new high-frequency matrix and wide-band sensors, new technologies for processing ultrasound signals (tissue harmonics, compound scanning) has provided ultrasound with priority in the study of peripheral nerves. It is customary to correlate the course of a nerve with its projection onto the skin.

Ligament ultrasound

Ligaments are fibrillar structures that connect two bone structures together. There are two types of ligaments: intra-articular and extra-articular. This difference determines the differentiated approach to their study. Since ultrasound examination of intra-articular ligaments is difficult due to bone structures, MRI is used to evaluate them.

Tendon ultrasound

The ultrasound method competes with MRI in diagnosing tendon pathology. The main advantage of ultrasound is: high spatial resolution when scanning soft tissue structures and the possibility of dynamic research in real time.

Muscle ultrasound

About 30% of all sports injuries are caused by muscle tissue pathology. Ultrasound examination is the leading method in diagnosing muscle tissue pathology, surpassing magnetic resonance imaging in resolution.

Ultrasound of skin and subcutaneous fatty tissue

Skin thickness varies depending on the location, being thicker in men than in women. The subcutaneous fat layer usually appears hypoechoic with alternating hyperechoic thin fibers reflecting connective tissue layers.

Ultrasound-guided biopsy

Not every effusion or abscess needs to be punctured under ultrasound guidance, but it is important to use echography when puncture formations located near vital organs. Ultrasound is used to select the shortest distance to the object and the safest trajectory for the needle to pass.

Pleural ultrasound

Pleural effusion is hypoechoic or moderately echogenic, sometimes with thick septa. Liquid blood and pus are also anechoic, but septa may produce reflections. It is not always possible to differentiate fluid from solid pleural or peripheral lung lesions. Turn the patient into different positions and repeat the examination.