Clinical studies

Investigation of the glomerular filtration rate

To measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the clearance of substances is used, which in the course of transport through the kidneys are only filtered without undergoing reabsorption or secretion in the tubules, dissolve well in water, freely pass through the pores of the basal glomerulus membrane and do not bind to plasma proteins. Such substances include inulin, endogenous and exogenous creatinine, urea.

Samples for urine dilution

Urine dilution tests characterize the ability of the kidneys to maximally dilute the urine in conditions of artificially created hyperhydration. The state of hyperhydration is achieved by a water load, which can be single or prolonged.

Samples for urine concentration

Samples for urine concentration characterize the ability of the kidneys to release an increased amount of osmotically active substances to maintain homeostasis in conditions of artificially created dehydration.

Determination of osmolality of blood serum

The osmolality of blood serum (Rocm) and urine osmolality (Uocm) are considered to be a direct and accurate indicator of osmoregulatory renal function with subsequent calculation of derived values based on the principle of clearance.

Investigation of the magnitude of renal plasma flow and blood flow

Kidney blood flow is the volume of blood passing through the kidneys per unit time (1 min). In physiological conditions, the kidneys receive 20-25% of the volume of circulating blood, i.e. The value of renal blood flow in a healthy person is 1100-1300 ml / min.

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid

Most of the findings can be made on the basis of an assessment of the appearance of the cerebrospinal fluid, its pressure, cytosis, protein level and glucose. If there is a suspicion of an infection of the CNS, it is necessary to carry out liquid culture.

Macroscopic analysis of sperm

Normally, healthy men have 2-6 ml of ejaculate. Polyspermia - an increase in the volume of sperm (seminal fluid) more than 6 ml.

Sperm analysis

Analysis of sperm (seminal fluid) is necessary to address the issue of the ability of the subject to produce offspring. The cause of infertility in men may be diseases of the testicles, prostate, conduction disorders of the vas deferens, diseases and malformations of the urethra.

Analysis of the secretion of the prostate (prostate gland)

The secret of the prostate (prostate gland) is obtained after vigorous massage of the prostate (prostate gland).

Examination from the urethra

Inflammatory state of the mucous membrane of the urethra (urethritis) is expressed by the presence of at least 5 polynucleated neutrophils in the field of vision when the microscope is immersed. The depth of the pathological process in the urethra is evidenced by the prevalence in the smears-prints of the cylindrical and parabasal epithelial cells