Stomach

Vomiting in a baby

Vomiting is the expulsion of stomach or intestinal contents through the mouth and nasal passages. Vomiting is a common symptom in children, and the younger the child, the easier it is. The mechanism of vomiting is a sharp relaxation of the diaphragm and a simultaneous, sharp contraction of the abdominal wall muscles, when the stomach contents are forcefully pushed into the esophagus.

Abdominal pain in a child: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Abdominal pain in a child is a cardinal symptom of many diseases of the digestive organs. In small children, the equivalent of pain is anxiety, crying, refusal of the mother's breast. In preschool and primary school children, pain can manifest itself as a feeling of rapid satiety and overflow of the stomach.

Constipation in children

Constipation is slow, difficult, or systematically insufficient emptying of the intestines. For most children, chronic delay in stool for more than 36 hours is considered constipation.

Jaundice

Since the liver plays a primary role in bilirubin metabolism, jaundice is traditionally classified as a typical major liver syndrome, although in some cases it can occur without liver disease (for example, with massive hemolysis). Jaundice syndrome is caused by an increase in the bilirubin content in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) of more than 34.2 μmol/L (2 mg/dL)

Diarrhea (diarrhea) in a child

Diarrhea in a child may be the first symptom of a urinary tract infection. Frequent, mushy stools (4 to 6 times a day) may be seen in normal infants; this should not be a cause for concern unless there is evidence of anorexia, vomiting, weight loss, failure to gain weight, or blood in the stool.