Injuries and poisonings

Sagittal fractures of III-VI cervical vertebral bodies: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Sagittal, or vertical, fractures of the cervical vertebrae are a special, rare type of compression comminuted fractures of the cervical vertebrae.

Compression splinter fractures of cervical vertebral bodies: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Comminuted compression fractures of the cervical vertebrae occur with a compression mechanism of violence, when the traumatic force acts vertically along the axis of the straightened cervical spine.

Extensor injuries of III-VII cervical vertebrae: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

When treating victims with cervical spine injuries, we often encounter patients who have severe spinal disorders, up to and including complete physiological disruption of the spinal cord at the level of injury, which occur with minor, minimal dislocations of the vertebrae, often limited to a slight anterior displacement of the body of the overlying vertebra.

Subluxations, dislocations and fracture-dislocations of III-VII cervical vertebrae: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Subluxations, dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the III - VII cervical vertebrae are the most common injuries of this section of the spine. These injuries occur with a flexion or flexion-rotation mechanism of violence.

Rotational subluxations of the atlas

Rotational subluxations of the atlas occur as a result of direct or indirect force or active uncoordinated contraction of the neck muscles.

Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the II cervical vertebra: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the second cervical vertebra, or the so-called "hangman's fracture" is a peculiar fracture of the axis, in which there is a fracture of the roots of its arches, a rupture of the intervertebral disc located between the bodies of the second and third cervical vertebrae, and slippage of the axis body with all the formations located above it forward.

Axial tooth fractures and dislocations in the atlanto-axial joint region

Traumatic displacement of the atlas due to a fracture of the odontoid axinus can occur both anteriorly and posteriorly. Anterior displacements are much more common. The severity of this injury depends on the degree of displacement of the first cervical vertebra and, consequently, the nature of the spinal cord injury. The injury occurs with an indirect mechanism of violence, most often as a result of a fall on the head.

Head dislocations: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Dislocations of the atlanto-occipital joint, or "head dislocations", are almost never encountered in clinical practice, as they usually result in the immediate death of the victim. V. P. Selivanov (1966) reported on the preservation of the life of a victim treated for a subluxation of the atlanto-occipital joint.

Burst fractures of the atlantus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

"Bursting" fractures of the atlas, or Jefferson fractures, are rare. This can be judged at least by the fact that in the available literature there are descriptions of only 5 cases of such fractures of the spine.

Cervical spine injuries: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Cervical spine injuries account for approximately 19% of all spinal injuries. But compared to thoracic vertebrae injuries, they occur in a ratio of 1:2, and lumbar - 1:4. Disability and mortality from cervical spine injuries are still high. Mortality from these injuries is 44.3-35.5%.