The symptoms of facial muscle paralysis are varied due to the varying degrees of conduction disturbances of the facial nerve branches. The more branches are involved in the pathological process, the more severe the clinical picture.
Sagging of the nasal septum is usually caused by excess of its skin part. As a result, the nostrils are wide open and the anterior part of the mucous membrane of the nasal septum is visible through them.
A wide nasal tip is a deformation that can be caused by an increase in the angle between the medial and lateral crura of the large cartilages of the wings of the nose or the radius of the arc formed by the transition of the lateral crura to the medial ones.
Defects and deformations of the skin of the face and neck can be congenital or acquired (as a result of injuries, operations and various diseases: leishmaniasis, lupus erythematosus, syphilis, etc.).
Most often, total and subtotal defects of the eyebrows and eyelids occur as a result of traumatic injuries (scalping), facial burns, radiation therapy, and skin diseases.
Defects of the upper lip due to non-union of its fragments are often accompanied by deformations that cannot always be eliminated during cheiloplasty; they can be revealed immediately after the operation or after some time.
Defects and deformations of the lips and the entire perioral area - cheeks, chin - can occur as a result of accidental injury, surgical intervention (due to a congenital defect, neoplasm, fresh injury, inflammation)
