Infectious and parasitic diseases

Lyme disease (lyme borreliosis)

Lyme disease (ixodid tick-borne borreliosis, systemic tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme borreliosis) is a natural focal infectious disease with a transmissible mechanism of transmission of the pathogen, characterized by predominant damage to the skin, nervous system, heart, joints and a tendency to become chronic.

Treatment of leptospirosis

Treatment of leptospirosis is carried out in a hospital setting. Hospitalization is carried out according to epidemiological indications. Bed rest is recommended during the acute period.

Diagnosis of leptospirosis

Epidemiological anamnesis plays an important role in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. It is necessary to take into account the patient's profession (agricultural worker, hunter, veterinarian, exterminator), as well as contact with wild and domestic animals. It is necessary to pay attention to whether the patient swam in open water bodies, since the contamination of water with leptospires in some regions is extremely high.

Symptoms of leptospirosis

The moderate form is characterized by severe fever and extensive symptoms of leptospirosis, while the severe form is characterized by the development of jaundice, the appearance of signs of thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, meningitis and acute renal failure.

What causes leptospirosis?

The genus Leptospira of the family Leptospiraceae is represented by two species: parasitic - L. interrogans and saprophytic - L. biflexa. Both species are divided into numerous serotypes. The latter are the main taxonomic unit that forms serological groups. The classification of leptospira is based on the constancy of their antigen structure.

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis (Weil's disease, infectious jaundice, Japanese 7-day fever, nanukayami, water fever, icterohemorrhagic fever, etc.) is a general term for all infections caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, regardless of serotype; includes infectious, or leptospirosis, jaundice and dog fever.

Return tick-borne typhus: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Tick-borne relapsing fever (endemic relapsing fever, tick-borne spirochetosis, argas tick-borne borreliosis, tick-borne relapsing fever) is a zoonosis, an acute natural focal disease of warm and hot climate zones, transmitted to humans by ticks, characterized by multiple attacks of fever, separated by periods of apyrexia.

Treatment and prevention of relapsing typhoid fever

Treatment of relapsing louse typhus is carried out for 7-10 days with one of the antibiotics that act on Borrelia. Tetracyclines are considered the drugs of choice: doxycycline 100 mg twice a day or tetracycline 0.5 g four times a day.

Diagnosis of relapsing typhoid fever

The diagnosis of louse-borne relapsing fever is based largely on the epidemiological anamnesis data - stay in an area where louse-borne relapsing fever occurs. During the first attack, the main symptoms are taken into account: the acute onset of the disease, hyperthermia from the first hours, severe pain syndrome (headache, muscle pain), early enlargement and soreness of the spleen and liver, subicteric skin and sclera.

What causes relapsing louse typhus?

The causative agent of relapsing louse typhus is the spirochete Borrelia recurrentis Obermeieri of the Spirochaetaceae family, genus Borrelia, shaped like a thread-like spiral with 6-8 twists; has active mobility; anaerobic. Reproduces by transverse division. Stained well with aniline dyes, gram-negative. Grows on special nutrient media.