Infectious and parasitic diseases

Toxoplasmosis - Treatment and Prevention

The effectiveness of etiotropic drugs in chronic toxoplasmosis is low, since chemotherapy drugs and antibiotics have virtually no effect on endozoites located in tissue cysts. Treatment of toxoplasmosis is indicated only in the case of exacerbation of the process and in case of miscarriage (treatment is carried out outside the period of pregnancy).

Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis

Parasitological methods (examination of biopsies of lymph nodes and other organs) are not widely used due to their complexity and labor intensity. Specific antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes to toxoplasma antigens are detected in repeated serological studies: ELISA, RNGA and RIF (but they are not informative enough in AIDS patients): an intradermal test with toxoplasmin (native or recombinant) is performed.

Toxoplasmosis - Symptoms.

Toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis has non-specific symptoms of toxoplasmosis: general intoxication, high temperature, severe headache, impaired consciousness, convulsions. Of great diagnostic importance is the study of cerebrospinal fluid, in which toxoplasms can be detected.

Toxoplasmosis - Causes and Pathogenesis

The cause of toxoplasmosis is Toxoplasma gondii (subkingdom Protozoa, type Apicomplecxa, order Coccidia, suborder Eimeriina, family Eimeriidae).

Toxoplasmosis - Overview

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic protozoan disease characterized by a chronic course, polymorphism of clinical manifestations, and predominant damage to the central nervous system, organs of vision, liver, and lungs.

Malaria

Malaria (English: malaria; French: paludisme) is an anthroponotic transmissible protozoan disease characterized by damage to red blood cells, a recurrent cyclical course, bouts of fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and anemia.

Lambliosis

Lambliasis (giardiasis; English name - Giardiasis) is a protozoan invasion, which often occurs as an asymptomatic carrier, sometimes with functional intestinal disorders.

Treatment of amoebiasis with drugs

Treatment of amebiasis is carried out with drugs that can be divided into two groups - contact (luminal), affecting intestinal luminal forms, and systemic tissue amoebicides.

Amoebiasis - Diagnosis

The simplest and most reliable method for diagnosing intestinal amoebiasis is microscopic examination of feces to detect vegetative forms (trophozoites) and cysts. Trophozoites are best detected in patients with diarrhea, and cysts in formed stool. Primary microscopy examines native preparations from fresh fecal samples with saline.

Amoebiasis - Symptoms

In countries where amebiasis (E. histolytica) is widespread, 90% of infected individuals have noninvasive amebiasis, that is, they do not have any symptoms of amebiasis, thus they are asymptomatic carriers of luminal forms of amoebas, and only 10% of infected individuals develop invasive amebiasis.