Diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiology)

Orthostatic (postural) hypotension: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Orthostatic (postural) hypotension is a sharp drop in blood pressure (usually more than 20/10 mm Hg) when the patient makes a vertical position. For a few seconds or longer, fainting, loss of consciousness and confusion, dizziness, and visual impairment may occur.

Non-atheromatous arteriosclerosis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Non-atheromatous arteriosclerosis is the age-related fibrosis of the aorta and its major branches. Non-atheromatous arteriosclerosis causes a thickening of the intima and weakens and destroys the elastic components.

Atherosclerosis: Treatment

Treatment of atherosclerosis involves active elimination of risk factors for preventing the formation of new plaques and reducing existing ones. Recent studies indicate that LDL should be <70 mg / dL for an existing disease or a high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Atherosclerosis: symptoms and diagnosis

Atherosclerosis first develops asymptomatically, often for many decades. Signs appear when there are obstructions to the blood flow. Transient ischemic symptoms (eg, stable exertional angina, transient ischemic attacks, intermittent claudication) can develop when stable plaques grow and decrease the arterial lumen by more than 70%.

Atherosclerosis: Causes and Risk Factors

The atherosclerosis feature is an atherosclerotic plaque that contains lipids (intracellular and extracellular cholesterol and phospholipids), inflammatory cells (such as macrophages, T cells), smooth muscle cells, connective tissue (eg, collagen, glycosaminoglycans, elastic fibers), thrombi and calcium deposits .

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is the formation of plaques (atter) in the intima of medium and large arteries. Plaques contain lipids, inflammatory cells, smooth muscle cells and connective tissue. Risk factors include dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, family predisposition, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and hypertension.

Hypertensive crisis

Hypertonic crisis - severe arterial hypertension with signs of damage to target organs (primarily the brain, cardiovascular system and kidneys). The diagnosis is determined by measuring blood pressure, ECG, urinalysis and the study of urea and creatinine in the blood.

Health