Diseases of the ear, throat and nose (otolaryngology)

Middle ear diseases: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Diseases of the middle ear are among the most complex in terms of etiology and pathogenesis of pathological processes in the ENT organs, primarily due to the fact that the middle ear borders on the posterior and middle cranial fossae and directly communicates with the formations of the inner ear, and through the auditory tube - with the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract as a whole.

Exostoses of the external auditory canal: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Exostoses of the external auditory canal are bony growths that originate from the wall of the bony wall of the external auditory canal and, depending on their size, partially or completely block the lumen of the external auditory canal.

Deformities of the external ear: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Deformations of the outer ear include changes in the shape and size of the auricle and external auditory canal, which can be either congenital or acquired as a result of trauma or inflammatory-destructive diseases.

Frostbite of the auricle

Frostbite is a local injury caused by local cooling of tissues. Most often, frostbite of the auricle is observed, then the nose and cheeks. The lower the air temperature and the higher the wind speed, air and skin humidity, the faster the injury occurs.

Damage to the external auditory canal: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Damage to the external auditory canal occurs much less frequently than damage to the auricle. They are caused by blows with a blunt or sharp object to the area of the external opening of the external auditory canal, bullet and shrapnel wounds.

Damage to the eardrum

Damage to the eardrum is divided into domestic, industrial and wartime. Pathogenetically, these damages are divided into mechanical and burn.

Trauma to the external ear: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The outer ear, and in particular the auricle, due to its unprotected anatomical position, is quite often subject to various types of damage and injury.

Diffuse inflammation of the external auditory canal: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Diffuse external otitis is characterized by inflammation of the skin of the external auditory canal, covering its membranous-cartilaginous and bony parts. The inflammation covers all layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, and can spread to the eardrum, causing its inflammation (meryngitis).

Furuncle of the external ear canal

Furuncle is an acute purulent-necrotic inflammation of the hair follicle and the connective tissue surrounding it. Furuncle of the external auditory canal occurs in its membranous-cartilaginous part when the hair follicle or sulfur or sweat gland is infected with pyogenic staphylococcus.

Eczema of the auricle and external ear canal: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythematous-vesicular itchy rashes. The causes of eczema are extremely varied. They are divided into general and local. General causes include neurogenic and psychogenic factors, allergies to certain substances, diseases of internal organs and the endocrine system.