Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis is a premature closure of one or more cranial sutures, leading to the formation of a characteristic deformation. Craniosynostosis is a non-specific brain injury that occurs as a result of insufficient expansion of the cranial cavity during the period of most active brain growth.

slouching

Clubhand is a severe deformity, the main symptom of which is a persistent deviation of the hand towards the missing or underdeveloped bone of the forearm: in the absence of the radius - radial clubhand (manus vara), in the absence of the ulna - ulnar clubhand (manus valga).

Perinatal encephalopathy.

Perinatal encephalopathy is a pathology that develops in a fetus or newborn due to insufficient oxygen supply to the brain, and is one of the most common lesions of the nervous system of newborns. Depending on how long the oxygen starvation process lasted, local edema up to necrosis may develop in the brain.

Analysis of anticonvulsant medications in children with symptomatic epilepsy

Epilepsy has been and remains an extremely important medical and socially significant problem of pediatric neurology. According to some authors, the average annual incidence of epilepsy in economically developed countries of the world is 17.3 cases per 100 thousand population per year.

Left ventricular diastolic function in children with secondary cardiomyopathies

The structure of cardiac pathology has undergone significant changes in the last decades of the last century. In Ukraine, there is a persistent tendency towards an increase in cardiovascular morbidity of non-rheumatic origin, including secondary cardiomyopathies (SCM). Their prevalence increased from 15.6% in 1994 to 27.79% in 2004.

Use of melatonin in oncologic practice

Melatonin, a hormone of the pineal gland, has powerful antioxidant, immunomodulatory and detoxifying effects. Research in recent decades has shown that melatonin has numerous oncostatic properties.

Treatment of dry cough in a child

In order to properly treat a cough, it is necessary to know exactly what provoked it. If a child develops a dry cough, treatment should be carried out using various means and procedures that will help it take a productive form, under the supervision of a doctor.

Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases.

Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases are sphingolipidoses caused by hexosaminidase deficiency, leading to severe neurological manifestations and early death of the child.

Intermittent TNF receptor-associated syndrome (TNF receptor-related syndrome)

Familial Irish fever (a periodic syndrome associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors) is an inherited disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and migratory myalgia with painful erythema of the overlying skin. TNF type I receptor levels are low. Treatment is with glucocorticosteroids and etanercept.

Disorder of pyruvate metabolism

Failure to metabolize pyruvate leads to lactic acidosis and a variety of CNS disorders. Pyruvate is an important substrate for carbohydrate metabolism. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is a multienzyme complex responsible for the formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate for the Krebs cycle. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to elevated pyruvate levels and therefore elevated lactic acid levels.