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Newborn health

Hyponatremia in newborns

Hyponatremia is the concentration of sodium in serum less than 135 meq / l. Pronounced hyponatremia can lead to convulsions or coma. Treatment of hyponatremia - careful compensation of sodium 0.9% solution of sodium chloride; rarely requires a 3% solution of sodium chloride.

Hyperglycemia in newborns

Hyperglycemia is the concentration of glucose in the blood of more than 150 mg / dL (more than 8.3 mmol / l). Hyperglycemia in newborns is often iatrogenic when too fast intravenous glucose is administered in the first few days of life in newborns with a very low birth weight (less than 1.5 kg).

Hypernatremia in newborns

Hypernatremia is the concentration of Na in the serum of more than 150 meq / l, usually associated with dehydration. Manifestations include inhibition, convulsions. Treatment - careful hydration with 0.45% solution of sodium chloride.

Hypocalcemia in newborns

Hypocalcemia is the concentration of total calcium in the serum of less than 8 mg / dL (less than 2 mmol / l) in term infants and less than 7 mg / dL (less than 1.75 mmol / L) in premature infants. It is also defined as the ionized calcium level of less than 3.0-4.4 mg / dL (less than 0.75-1.10 mmol / L), depending on the method used (type of electrode).

Hypercalcemia in newborns

Hypercalcemia is defined as the level of total calcium in the serum above 12 mg / dL (3 mmol / L) or ionized calcium greater than 6 mg / dl (1.5 mmol / L). The most common cause is iatrogenia.

Nuclear jaundice

Nuclear jaundice (bilirubin encephalopathy) is a brain damage caused by the deposition of bilirubin in the basal ganglia and the nuclei of the brainstem.

Premature baby

A premature baby is a child born before 37 weeks of gestation. The full term of gestation is 40 weeks. In children born before 37 weeks of gestation, there is an increased incidence of complications and mortality, which is approximately proportional to the degree of prematurity.

Migrated child

The transferred child is an infant born after the 42nd week of gestation. Reasons for child retention are usually unknown. Very rarely, this can occur because of anomalies that affect the pituitary-adrenal fetal system (eg, anencephaly or adrenal adenosis).

Intracranial hemorrhage in newborns

Intracranial hemorrhage into the brain tissue or into surrounding tissues can occur in any newborn, but especially often develop in premature babies; About 20% of premature newborns with a birth weight less than 1500 g have intracranial hemorrhage.

Resuscitation of newborns

Approximately 10% of newborns need, to varying degrees, resuscitation during childbirth. The reasons for this are numerous, but most of them include asphyxia or respiratory depression. The frequency increases significantly when the birth weight is less than 1500 g.

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