Overview of medicines

Cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide is well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and has minimal protein-binding capacity. Active and inactive metabolites of cyclophosphamide are eliminated by the kidneys.

Infliximab is a biological drug consisting of one third the variable (Fv) region of high-affinity neutralizing murine monoclonal antibodies to TNF-a (A2) and two thirds the fragment of the human IgG1 molecule.

Methotrexate: instruction and use

Methotrexate, a member of the antimetabolite group, is structurally similar to folic (pteroylglutamic) acid, consisting of pteridine groups linked to para-aminobenzoic acid, which is linked to glutamic acid residues.

Azathioprine

There are two main purine analogues - 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine, however, only the latter is currently used in clinical practice.

Penicillamine

Penicillamine (3,3-dimethylcysteine) is a trifunctional amino acid containing carboxyl, amino and sulfhydryl groups, an analogue of the natural amino acid cysteine. Due to the asymmetrically located carbon atom, penicillamine can exist as D- and L-isomers.

Medications for the elderly

The multiplicity of pathologies, the high risk of destabilization of the condition in patients of older age groups leads to the fact that drugs for the elderly have become increasingly used in geriatrics. Features of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic and toxic effects of drugs in the elderly body, as well as the possibilities of using geroprotectors are studied by geriatric pharmacology.

Protease inhibitors

Protease inhibitors are a structurally heterogeneous class of antiviral agents that, unlike reverse transcriptase inhibitors, act at the final stage of HIV reproduction.

Antiretroviral drugs

Azidothymidine (3'-azido.2'3'-dideoxythymidine. AZT, zidovudine, retrovir; Glaxo-Smithklein) - synthetic antiretroviral drugs, analogs of the natural nucleoside thymidine - was proposed for the treatment of patients with HIV infection in 1985 and for a long time was one of the most effective antiviral agents.

Alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonists

Highly selective alpha2-adrenergic receptor stimulants include foreign alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonists - dexmedetomidine, which has an antihypertensive effect, but is used mainly as a sedative during anesthesia (for a long time - only in veterinary medicine, but not so long ago it was introduced into clinical practice in humans).

Vasodilators: nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside

Nitroglycerin is a false ester of glycerol and nitric acid. Sodium nitroprusside has been used as a short-term control agent for severe hypertensive reactions since the mid-1950s, although sodium nitroprusside was synthesized as early as 1850.