CT of the spine is a modern layer-by-layer examination of the human body. It is based on computer measurement and processing of the difference in attenuation of X-ray radiation by tissues of different densities.
A highly effective non-invasive method in the diagnosis of biliary tract diseases is magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), which allows obtaining high-contrast images of the bile ducts and pancreatic ducts.
MRI of the prostate has been used since the mid-1980s, but the information content and accuracy of this method were limited for a long time due to the technical imperfection of MRI scanners and the insufficient development of the examination methodology.
One of the most important advantages of prostate CT is the relatively low operator dependence of the method: the results of an examination performed using a standard method can be reviewed and interpreted by different specialists without the need for a repeat examination.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MR spectroscopy) provides noninvasive information about brain metabolism. Proton 1H-MR spectroscopy is based on the "chemical shift" - a change in the resonance frequency of protons that are part of various chemical compounds. This term was introduced by N. Ramsey in 1951 to denote the differences between the frequencies of individual spectral peaks.
Functional MRI is based on the increase in blood flow in the brain in response to an increase in neuronal activity in the cortex when exposed to a corresponding stimulus. Mapping brain activity allows us to identify areas of neuronal activation that arise in response to stimulation (motor, sensory and other stimuli).
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a method for the in vivo study of the metabolic and functional activity of body tissues. The method is based on the phenomenon of positron emission observed in a radiopharmaceutical introduced into the body during its distribution and accumulation in various organs. In neurology, the main application point of the method is the study of brain metabolism in a number of diseases.
