1. Home
    2. »
  2. Health
    3. »
  3. Diseases

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiology)

Prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy

In general, the prognosis for dilated cardiomyopathy is pessimistic: up to 70% of patients die within 5 years; approximately 50% of deaths are sudden and are the result of malignant arrhythmia or embolism.

Symptoms of mitral valve prolapse

Most patients have no symptoms of mitral valve prolapse and are asymptomatic. If there are complaints, the clinical picture of uncomplicated mitral valve prolapse is determined by symptoms of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.

Causes of mitral valve prolapse

Depending on the cause, primary mitral valve prolapse (idiopathic, hereditary, congenital) is distinguished, which is an independent pathology, not associated with any disease and caused by genetic or congenital failure of connective tissue.

Chronic pericarditis

Chronic pericarditis is an inflammatory disease of the pericardium lasting more than 6 months, arising as primary chronic processes or as a result of chronicization or recurrent course of acute pericarditis; includes exudative, adhesive, exudative-constrictive and constrictive forms.

Treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy

The main goals of treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy are: correction of chronic heart failure, timely administration of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic complications in case of atrial fibrillation, treatment of arrhythmias, including life-threatening ones, improvement of quality of life, and increase in the patient’s life expectancy.

Acute pericarditis

Acute pericarditis is an acute inflammation of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium (with or without pericardial effusion) of various etiologies. Acute pericarditis can be an independent disease or a manifestation of a systemic disease.

Myocarditis

Myocarditis is a focal or diffuse inflammation of the heart muscle as a result of various infections, exposure to toxins, drugs or immunological reactions leading to damage to cardiomyocytes and the development of cardiac dysfunction.

Aortic insufficiency: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Aortic insufficiency can be caused either by primary damage to the aortic valve leaflets or by damage to the aortic root, which currently accounts for more than 50% of all cases of isolated aortic insufficiency.

Combined mitral defect

The combination of two types of defect (stenosis and insufficiency) of one heart valve is referred to as a “combined defect” of the mitral or aortic valve.

Treatment of arteriovenous malformations

On the one hand, answering the question of what method to use to treat arteriovenous malformation is quite simple, since only the surgical method allows the patient to get rid of the AVM itself and the complications it leads to.