All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
Angina pectoris and acute coronary artery disease
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
Unstable angina in adolescents includes newly developed angina, progressive angina, and focal myocardial dystrophy. Unstable angina is characterized by pressing, pulling, or squeezing pain behind the breastbone radiating to the left arm and shoulder blade, which occurs in response to physical and emotional stress, food intake, and exposure to cold. Acute coronary insufficiency in children and adolescents is associated mainly with exogenous causes.
Treatment of angina pectoris and acute coronary insufficiency
First of all, it is necessary to ensure complete rest. Pain syndrome can be relieved with nifedipine, which is prescribed at 10 mg orally. A more rapid effect is achieved by taking nitroglycerin (1/4-1/2 tablet) under the tongue every 5-10 minutes until the pain is relieved. In case of a protracted angina attack, fentanyl with droperidol, trimeperidine, metamizole sodium are indicated. In case of psychomotor agitation, diazepam (0.25-0.5 mg/kg), phenibut, hopantenic acid are prescribed. Sodium heparin is prescribed at the rate of 150-250 U/kg. In order to prevent ventricular fibrillation, it is advisable to administer a 1% solution of lidocaine (1-1.5 mg/kg) or a 5% solution of bretylium tosylate (1-5 mg/kg).
[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 4 ], [ 5 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ], [ 8 ], [ 9 ], [ 10 ]
Where does it hurt?
What do need to examine?