Cancer (oncology)

Thrombocytopenia in cancer and platelet transfusions

Thrombocytopenia is quite common in cancer patients. The main danger of thrombocytopenia is the risk of developing hemorrhages in vital organs (brain, etc.) and severe uncontrolled bleeding.

Prevention and treatment of myelotoxic agranulocytosis in cancer patients

Myelotoxicity is the damaging effect of chemotherapy drugs on the hematopoietic tissue of the bone marrow. According to the criteria of the US National Cancer Institute, there are 4 degrees of suppression of each of the hematopoietic germs.

Clinical and metabolic features of patients for cancer

Oncological diseases, especially cancer, are characterized by intoxication and disruption of all metabolic links. The degree of expression of disorders depends on the localization, prevalence, and characteristics of the tumor process.

Dermoid cyst of the ovary

Dermoid cyst of the ovary refers to benign germ cell tumors. The very definition - germinohema explains the origin of the cyst, since germinis is an embryo, in the medical sense - an embryonic layer, a leaf.

Infectious complications in cancer patients

Infectious complications are the most common reasons for admission of cancer patients to the intensive care unit. Both the tumor itself and its treatment (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery) change the spectrum of prevailing pathogens (opportunistic, atypical pathogens), the clinical picture of common infections (absence or change of usual symptoms), the severity of the infectious process (fulminant sepsis), etc.

Liver failure with cancer chemotherapy

There is no generally accepted definition of liver failure (LF). Many clinicians understand LF as a syndrome that develops in acute or chronic liver diseases, its main pathogenetic mechanism is hepatocellular failure and portal hypertension.

Treatment of acute cancer pain

An increase in interest in the treatment of acute cancer pain, which also includes postoperative pain syndrome, is noted every year. This is due to new fundamental research in the field of physiology and pharmacology.

Renal failure in cancer

Renal dysfunctions developing in the postoperative period are classified into two large groups, which determine further diagnostic and treatment tactics in the intensive care unit - nephropathy and acute renal failure in cancer.

Features of sepsis development in operated oncologic patients

The incidence of sepsis in operated cancer patients is 3.5-5%, mortality is 23-28%. The development of sepsis in cancer surgical patients is based on severe secondary immunodeficiency.

Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in cancer patients

PE is the closure of the lumen of the main trunk or branches of the pulmonary artery by an embolus (thrombus), which leads to a sharp decrease in blood flow in the lungs. Postoperative thromboembolism in oncological patients develops 5 times more often than in patients with a general surgical profile.