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Treatment of cystitis
Last reviewed: 19.11.2021
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Cystitis is the inflammatory process of the inner membrane of the bladder. In most cases, it is the infection that causes cystitis. Treatment of the disease is prescribed depending on the causes that provoked the appearance of the disease.
There are several forms of cystitis: acute (primary) chronic (secondary), infectious (nonspecific and specific), non-infectious (allergic, chemical, toxic, radiation, medicinal, thermal, hemorrhagic, etc.) cystitis. Treatment of the patient is assigned depending on which form of the disease it was possible to detect during the study.
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Treatment of acute cystitis
Pure female disease is considered acute (primary) cystitis. Treatment of this disease is based on antibacterial therapy and includes a sparing diet, rest, intake of a large amount of liquid (up to 2.5 liters per day), as well as protection from hypothermia, exclusion of sexual relations, monitoring of the functional activity of the intestine.
If the patient is experiencing very severe pain, she will need to take vaginal or rectal suppositories with analgesics. If there is no need for emergency care in the patient, antibiotics are prescribed only after an antibioticogram. Already at the end of the first day of treatment the patient feels an improvement in the state of health, the disappearance of certain symptoms accompanying cystitis. Treatment with antibiotics is carried out for several months with a weekly change of medications. Even in the event that the signs of the disease have disappeared by the end of 2-3 days, do not stop the treatment, since the probability of relapse is high. It is recommended to complete the course of antibacterial therapy.
Treatment of chronic cystitis
Rarely in patients chronic (secondary) cystitis is fixed. Treatment of this form of the disease begins with the identification of the causes that caused the appearance of the disease. In addition to eliminating the sources of the disease, the treatment of chronic cystitis is concluded in the removal of stones from the bladder, normalization of disturbances in urodynamics and so on. The patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory therapy for a period of 3-4 days (only after an antibioticogram), then appoint bactrim or nitrofurans for several months (usually 3-6). Each month the patient should take urine for bacteriological research, especially this procedure is shown in the first six months after the passed course of therapy. If the tests indicate that there are infections in the body that cause cystitis, the patient is treated repeatedly with anti-inflammatory therapy.
Treatment of allergic cystitis
Against the background of any allergic reactions (for example, anaphylactic shock or bronchial asthma), allergic cystitis may appear. The treatment of such cystitis, which is also capable of arising as an independent disease, presupposes the use of antihistamines, because it is by these means that one can get rid of some kind of allergy. Antibiotics in this case are powerless. Also, the patient is assigned bed rest and consumes a large amount of liquid.
Treatment of toxic cystitis
Due to exposure to the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder with toxic preparations, a chemical (toxic) cystitis occurs. Treatment of it, in the first place, is aimed at reducing pain syndrome through painkillers and washing the bladder. With the help of washing (irrigation), the bladder is released from chemicals that have entered it. After this, the patient is prescribed a course of restorative therapy, after which the disease usually lasts for a long time.
Treatment of radiation cystitis
One of the side effects of radiation therapy is radiation cystitis. Treatment of it involves irrigation of the bladder through special solutions or hyperbaric oxygenation, that is, the introduction of oxygen into the cavity of the bladder.
Treatment of drug cystitis
Kidney excretion of medications that are able to come into close contact with the mucosa of the bladder, called drug cystitis. As a treatment, the patient is prescribed the use of drugs that support the functional activity of the kidneys, as well as periodic delivery of urine for general analysis. Effective means for this indisposition are cranberry juice, kidney tea, kanefron and so on. They have the property of disinfecting the urinary tract, removing irritation.
Treatment of thermal cystitis
Exposure to the bladder mucosa by excessively hot fluids causes thermal cystitis. The treatment is based on the use of physiotherapy procedures.
Treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis
Hemorrhagic cystitis is manifested by the presence of blood in the urine, as well as an unpleasant odor of urine. This form of the disease occurs due to destruction of the mucosa of the bladder and high permeability of the vascular walls. In the presence of hemorrhagic cystitis, the patient is prescribed a bed rest, a lot of liquid intake, a sparing diet. Also, depending on the source of the disease, the patient may be prescribed to take antibacterial drugs, as well as means that can strengthen the walls of blood vessels.
Whatever the cause, which caused cystitis, treatment of the disease should be carried out only under the supervision of a urologist, since independent therapy with improvised drugs can not only not eliminate the ailment, but also provoke its various complications.