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Complications and side effects of intrauterine devices

Medical expert of the article

Obstetrician-gynecologist, reproductive specialist
, medical expert
Last reviewed: 08.07.2025

When using intrauterine devices, both complications and undesirable side effects may occur. When inserting intrauterine devices, such a complication as uterine perforation may develop (0.2%). The use of an intrauterine device may be accompanied by the appearance of inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs (16-18%). In addition, women with an IUD often experience a change in the menstrual cycle, manifested in the form of algomenorrhea, hyperpolymenorrhea, especially in the first months of using contraceptives (27-40%). After 3-4 years, against the background of using intrauterine devices, women may develop hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, which will also lead to an increase in the volume of menstruation. Some patients (1-2%) may experience expulsion of the contraceptive.

Acceptability of intrauterine devices at different stages of a woman's life

Group of women Use of IUDs Cause
Adolescence It is not advisable High risk of developing inflammatory diseases of the genitals, algomenorrhea, and expulsion
Nulliparous It is not advisable High risk of developing inflammatory diseases of the genitals, algomenorrhea, and expulsion
In the postpartum period (after 6 weeks), during lactation Possible with a regular sexual partner Does not affect lactation
In the intergenetic interval Maybe It is necessary to take into account the degree of risk of complications and undesirable side effects. Possibility of reproductive dysfunction after complications
After an abortion (before the menstrual cycle is restored) Not recommended High risk of complications and unwanted side effects. Possibility of reproductive dysfunction after complications
In late reproductive age Not recommended High risk of developing endometrial hyperplastic processes and growth of uterine tumors

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