Pelvic sarcomas

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Uterine sarcoma

Uterine sarcoma is an aggressive malignant tumor disease that is very rare. Uterine sarcoma can occur in patients of any age. The true causes of the disease are currently unknown. The danger of this lesion is that for a long time, sarcoma does not manifest itself. The main symptoms: weakness, lack of appetite, yellow complexion, leucorrhoea and bloody discharge (appear in the penultimate stage of the disease). The danger of uterine sarcoma is that even after successful treatment, the disease can recur.

Vaginal sarcoma

Vaginal sarcoma is a pathological disease that is much more dangerous than cancer by its nature. The disease begins with a small polyp that has a mixed mesodermal origin. Initially, polyps have a benign growth, but over time, under the influence of certain factors, they develop into a malignant tumor - sarcoma. Due to inattentive care and an advanced state, doctors are not always able to determine the primary origin of sarcoma.

Diagnosis of vaginal sarcoma involves performing a biopsy, since the myxomatous tissue of the polyp is lined with healthy squamous epithelium on the outside. This fact complicates the process of making a diagnosis - vaginal sarcoma. Tumor treatment involves removing polyps. But rapid recurrence of neoplasms indicates the ineffectiveness of this method. A radical method of treatment is surgery, which involves laparotomy and hysterectomy, that is, removal of the female genital organs. Also, they resort to therapeutic methods of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, with metastasis of vaginal sarcoma.

Ovarian sarcoma

Ovarian sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of connective tissue elements. The tumor is characterized by rapid growth and, as a rule, has a one-sided nature, an uneven surface and a soft consistency, which is prone to hemorrhage and decay. According to histology, ovarian sarcoma has several forms: spindle cell, round cell, small cell and others. Round cell sarcoma is particularly malignant; the tumor is not inferior to cancer.

At first, ovarian sarcoma is similar in its symptoms to cancer. But after some time, the tumor begins to grow rapidly and metastasize. Ovarian sarcoma is a secondary disease that usually appears due to metastasis from the affected uterus. The tumor can affect organs on both sides of the tumor. Sarcoma diagnostics begins with ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Sarcoma treatment is total surgical removal of the uterus with appendages, regardless of the patient's age. After surgical removal, a course of radiation therapy is administered.

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Prostate sarcoma

Prostate sarcoma is a rare disease that occurs in one out of a thousand men. Unlike cancer, prostate sarcoma affects young patients, 50% of the disease occurs in patients under 10 years old, the remaining 50% in patients aged 10 to 60 years. According to histology, the prostate is most often affected by fibrosarcomas, lymphosarcomas and myosarcomas.

• At the early stage of the disease, symptoms are absent or manifest as moderate dysuria. The first clear symptom of prostate sarcoma is acute urinary retention. This symptomatology is associated with the fact that due to compression of the bladder neck, the tumor metastasizes and causes pain.
• In the later stages, sarcoma causes the growth of the tumor into the surrounding tissues, causing severe pain in the lower abdomen. When palpating the rectum with a finger, a woody, lumpy tumor can be felt.

Treatment of prostate sarcoma is surgical removal of the prostate gland with seminal vesicles, followed by radiation therapy. In the early stages of the disease, patients undergo operations that allow urine to be diverted (cystoscopy, nephrostomy).

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Bladder sarcoma

Bladder sarcoma is a very dangerous disease that manifests itself as a malignant neoplasm. The danger of the disease is that even surgical removal does not protect against frequent relapses of sarcoma. The neoplasm is formed from connective tissue, which is present in all organs.

• The causes of sarcoma are not exactly known, but there are a number of factors that can provoke the disease. Bad habits, interaction with carcinogens, prolonged sitting, abstinence from urination are the main causes of bladder sarcoma.
• The symptoms of the disease are not clearly expressed and consist of a triad of symptoms. Patients complain of blood in the urine, painful urination and disturbances in the urination process. The severity of symptoms depends on the stage of the disease and its neglect.
• In terms of mortality, bladder sarcoma ranks second after cancer. The disease metastasizes early, spreading to neighboring organs, and often recurs. Sarcoma can only be diagnosed using biopsy and a number of other auxiliary methods.

In radical treatment, surgical methods are used. The scope of the operation depends on the stage of the sarcoma, its size and the degree of metastasis. In addition to the operation, a course of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is carried out. Timely diagnosis and treatment is a guarantee of a normal life, without sarcoma.

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