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Pemphigus (vesicular vesicle) of conjunctiva: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
[ What causes conjunctival pemphigus?
The causes of conjunctival pemphigus development are not fully understood. Conjunctival pemphigus is associated with a viral infection; changes in the central nervous system, sympathetic ganglia, as well as metabolic disorders and endocrine disorders are important. Research in recent years has revealed more and more data on the role of autoimmune mechanisms in the development of pemphigus.
Symptoms of Pemphigus of the Conjunctiva
There are 4 clinical forms of pemphigus: vulgaris, vegetative, foliaceous and seborrheic. All forms of pemphigus are characterized by the formation of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Blisters on the hyperemic conjunctiva are easily opened, the exposed surface is covered with a white-gray coating, bleeding is noted. Scarring of the erosion leads to wrinkling of the conjunctiva, turning into a cloudy pale tissue. Inversion of the eyelids and trichiasis develop. The cornea is often affected, first superficial ulcerations appear, and then scarring and vasculization. As a result of cicatricial disorders of the ducts of the lacrimal glands, dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea progresses. In severe cases, complete symblepharon may form.
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Treatment of pemphigus (pemphigus) of the conjunctiva
Treatment with corticosteroids and sulfonamides administered orally does not help in all cases of conjunctival pemphigus. Topical glucocorticosteroids with antibacterial drugs, vaseline oil, fish oil, thiamine ointment, citral solution are prescribed. In some cases, soft contact lenses may be useful.