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Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in blood
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 05.07.2025
Reference values (norm) of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) activity in blood serum: in men - 10.4-33.8 IU/l; in women - 8.8-22 IU/l.
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase is a membrane enzyme consisting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic fragments, the molecular weight of which ranges from 90,000 to 120,000. In significant concentrations, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase is found in the liver, pancreas, kidneys and prostate gland (therefore, in men, the activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in the blood serum is approximately 50% higher than in women). In other tissue cells, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase is contained in small quantities (excluding cardiomyocytes and myocytes). A small part of the enzyme is in the cytosol, and the majority is associated with the membranes of microsomes and the cytoplasmic membrane of cells.
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity is mainly high on the membranes of cells with high secretory or absorptive capacity, such as epithelial cells of the bile ducts, cells of the proximal tubules of the kidney, acinar tissue of the pancreas and its ducts, and the brush border of intestinal cells. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase easily forms complexes with HDL and LDL, with HDL binding to gamma glutamyl transpeptidase primarily in the intact liver, and LDL - in hepatic jaundice.
The serum half-life of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase bound to HDL is 20 hours, and that of the soluble form of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is 9 hours.
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