Frequent urination with pain: causes, treatment

Frequent urination and pain - unpleasant symptoms, indicating the presence of pathology. Increased urination is called polyuria. It is considered normal to empty the bladder up to 10 times a day. In pregnancy, in the elderly and taking diuretics, there may be more frequent urination. If this pain occurs in the various parts of the abdomen, back, rezi, when urinating, this is an alarm bell, you need to listen, examine and immediately begin treatment.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Causes of the frequent urination with pain

What causes pain and frequent urge to urinate? The nature of the pain can tell the doctor which organ to send the diagnosis to. Soreness and frequent urges most likely indicate an infection of the urinary tract (kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra). These pathologies are more often exposed to women, tk. Their urethra is shorter and wider, which favors the penetration of infections. In men, such symptoms cause urethritis and prostate diseases. For sexually transmitted infections (STIs): genital herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, the same manifestations are characteristic. If irritation of the urethra, provoked by excessive sexual activity, riding, cycling, interstitial cystitis, personal hygiene, medication, tumors of the urinary system, the same symptoms occur.

[5], [6], [7]

Risk factors

Risk factors for frequent and painful urination are:

• female;
• advanced age;
• pregnancy;
• nephrolithiasis;
• lack of personal hygiene;
• sugar and diabetes insipidus;
• prostate enlargement.

[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14]

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of the disease lies in stimulation of the receptors of the nerves of the muscles of the neck of the bladder, when the pathogenic microorganisms hit or pressurize it. The signal enters the nerve centers of the cerebral cortex, and those in turn "command" to contract the muscles, resulting in urination. In the case of inflammation of the urogenital system or dilatation of the bladder, a false signal is given at a time when it is not yet full.

[15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]

Epidemiology

Statistics say that one third of the world's population has experienced some or other health problems, accompanied by frequent urge to urinate and various pains. Among men after 25 years to 80% of them experienced a problem with prostatitis. STDs are a common phenomenon, especially in developing countries. According to a large-scale study conducted by WHO in 1995, there were 62 million worldwide. People with gonorrhea, 89 million with chlamydia, 170 million with trichomiasis.

[21], [22], [23], [24], [25]

Symptoms

Symptoms of pain and frequent urge to urinate - an alarm signal, which speaks about the development of the pathology of the genitourinary system. The first signs of the disease are characterized by a frequent urge to urinate and small doses of excreted urine. To this, soreness is connected in the region of the waist and abdomen. The process of emptying is often accompanied by pain and cuts, urine loses transparency, stained with blood.

Frequent urination and abdominal pain

In the abdominal cavity are various internal organs: uterus and appendages in women, intestines, kidneys, nerve bundles, lymph nodes, vessels. The disease of any of them is accompanied by pain of varying intensity. But the combination of symptoms: frequent urination and pain in the lower abdomen are peculiar to such pathologies:

• urethritis;
• cyst;
• urolithiasis;
• gynecological diseases;
• inflammation of the testicles and their appendages in men;
• prostate adenoma;
• different neoplasms of the urino-genital system.

[26]

Back pain and frequent urination

An occasion to survey the top part of a urinary system or genitals. So, pyelonephritis or prostate adenoma is accompanied by mild back pain, frequent desires, burning sensation when the bladder is empty, the temperature often rises, and in the urine there are flakes, and sometimes blood. Cramping pain in the sacrum with echoes in the groin speaks of renal colic, in which the stone overlaps the urethra. A strong, dull, aching pain is inherent in glomerulonephritis, which affects the glomeruli of the kidneys. To be convinced of the correctness of the assumption, it is necessary to lie down, in this position it retreats. Long and gradually increasing pain, especially with physical exertion, allows the kidney to drop. Frequent urination and back pain in women can mean a shift in the uterus below the anatomical rate due to various causes, or uterine fibroids.

[27], [28], [29]

Kidney pain and frequent urination

How to understand that kidneys are aching? Pain sensations deep along the waistline or below the ribs and above the pelvis are characteristic for this pathology. Kidney pain and frequent urination is an immediate reason to contact a urologist. Other signs are a burning sensation when urinating, fragments of blood and opaque urine. Possible edema of the face in the morning, nausea, vomiting, fever, fever. Such symptoms are a dangerous and alarming harbinger of a serious disease.

Pain in the bladder and frequent urination

Characteristic for cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. How to identify his symptoms? With cystitis, the patient feels a pulling pain in the lower abdomen and frequent urination. The urge to run to the toilet at intervals of 5 minutes, but there is no relief or emptying. There are resi at the end of this act, and often severe pain, giving to the rectum. The urine is turbid, sometimes with impurities of blood, with a sharp unpleasant odor. Prerequisites for the emergence of pathology are hypothermia, organ trauma, hormonal disorders, venous congestion in the pelvic organs, and medication. Cystitis is classified as primary and secondary, acute and chronic, bacterial and non-bacterial. It is for the acute form or exacerbation of chronic cystitis is characterized by pain.

Frequent urination and pain in the side

Can testify about pathological processes of different etiology. Kidney diseases, female pathologies: inflammation or ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, rupture of the uterine tube; Adenoma of the prostate gland in men is manifested with pain in both the left and right side, combined with frequent urination. Acute pain in the right side happens with appendicitis, it increases with increasing physical activity, with defecation and emptying of the bladder.

Headache and frequent urination

Adhere to migraine - pathology of a neurological nature, accompanied by acute painful attacks of headache, the frequency of which varies: from several times a year to daily. Such pain is not associated with blood pressure, head injuries or malignancy. It covers the entire head or one part of it. Its occurrence is facilitated by stresses, nervous overexcitation, lack of sleep, alcohol consumption, weather factors. To date, there are only hypotheses of the emergence of this pathology, and the treatment is aimed at arresting the pain syndrome.

Frequent urination and pain in the vagina

Signaling of gynecological problems or venereal diseases, for example, chlamydia, the causative agent of which is chlamydia. It penetrates into the epithelium of the host, damaging it, and multiplies. Gonococci cause damage to the mucous of the genital organs (gonorrhea), pathology is accompanied by swelling and soreness of the labia, purulent discharge, tickling in the urethral canal. Another type of infectious pathogens - Trichomonas provoke trichomoniasis - inflammation of the vagina, cervix and glands secreting the lubricant necessary for sexual intercourse. Candidiasis or thrush also can manifest itself by frequent urination and pain due to swelling of the walls of the vagina and external genitalia. A distinctive feature of the disease is pruritus and cheesy discharge without a smell, resembling curdled milk. All these diseases are sexually transmitted and require treatment of both partners.

Pain in the leg and frequent urination

It would seem that pain in the leg and frequent urination can not be related, nevertheless it is. Renal colic causes pain in the groin, leg, genitals, lower back. This is due to the overlap of the lumen of the ureter with a stone, as a result of which the outflow of urine becomes difficult, its accumulation in the kidneys takes place. When emptying, spotting is observed; passing through the urethra, the stone damages the mucous membrane. Along with these symptoms there is nausea, repeated vomiting, dry mouth. Severe pain can occur either in a state of rest, or when moving or lifting a weight. The duration of the attack ranges from several hours to several days, then comes relief, the patient begins to fully urinate.

Frequent urination and pain at the end of urination

Characteristic for cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. Provoke its occurrence can hypothermia, various infections, non-compliance with personal hygiene rules, excessive sex. Sometimes sharp or sour food, carbonated drinks irritate the mucous, it becomes inflamed. Portions of excreted urine become small, desires are more frequent and are accompanied by pain and discomfort. If you do not take emergency measures, the condition is aggravated: the temperature rises, the infection rises higher and covers the kidneys, which is very dangerous for the patient.

Pain in the ovaries and frequent urination

Pain in the ovaries appear in the left or right side, depending on which side of the ovary is affected, in the lower abdomen. The cause is a neoplasm or an ovarian cyst. Many women and do not suspect such a violation, while she is small. The increase causes pain in the ovaries and frequent urination as a result of pressure on the bladder. Torsion or the rupture becomes very painful and resembles an attack of appendicitis: it "shoots" into the rectum, the temperature rises, it vomits and tears. The rupture of the cyst leads to intra-abdominal hemorrhage, which causes blood pressure, weakness, sweating, and fainting.

Pain in testicles and frequent urination

Eggs or testes - male genital glands, pain in them and frequent urination occurs due to the infectious inflammatory process, which affects both mature men and adolescents. It causes prostatitis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureoplasmosis, candidiasis, herpes virus. Pains of different intensity in these diseases can give in the sacrum, perineum, intensify with sexual activity or, conversely, with abstinence.

Chest pain and frequent urination

Those first signs that indicate pregnancy. Hormonal changes that occur from its first weeks lead to blood vessels overflowing in the organs of the small pelvis, which affects the work of the kidneys, the bladder. By 4 months of pregnancy, urination stabilizes, but at later periods, when the fetus is growing, there is increased pressure on the bladder, urges are increasing. Breast during the whole gestation of the child becomes very sensitive, swells and hurts, sometimes it hurts even from touch.

[30], [31], [32], [33]

Pain after frequent urination and discharge

Sometimes there is pain after frequent urination and there are discharges due to the fact that urine irritates the external genitalia, the infection easily penetrates them, causing inflammation. Specific and nonspecific microflora penetrates into the urethra, flare urethritis, which is also characterized by discharge from the urethra, burning and pain while visiting the toilet.

Frequent urination in the morning and at night without pain

It does not always indicate a disease. It is necessary to pay attention to the features of nutrition, whether the products have changed in the diet, whether it is caused by the intake of certain medications. For example, drugs that reduce blood pressure - diuretics remove fluid from the body. A large number of drunk beer, coffee, watermelons in the menu, a lot of juicy fruits are also able to cause the same effect. Other causes of this phenomenon are associated with a change in the hormonal background caused by the onset of pregnancy or menopause. Diabetes mellitus is also accompanied by rapid urination. In men, frequent visits to the toilet in the morning and at night without pain are often associated with an overactive bladder, not a late stage of adenoma, or an initial stage of prostate cancer.

Frequent urination with pain in women

Anatomically, a man and a woman have significant differences, so there are common diseases for both sexes that cause frequent urination and pain, and there are those that are unique to women. The structure of female genital organs has an easy spread of infection, so women are much more likely to be infected with the genitourinary system. They are often supercooled, which leads to a compensatory increase in urination. In addition, they have such symptoms, pregnancy, various gynecological diseases: myoma of the uterus, its omission, pathology of the ovaries.

Pain and frequent urination of men

Men are less susceptible to cystitis than women, but are more likely to have urolithiasis. Typical diseases that cause pain and frequent urination in men are prostatitis and adenoma. In addition to unpleasant symptoms and discomfort, these pathologies lead to a violation of sexual function, leading to infertility. Diseases require timely treatment, otherwise the disease progresses, worsening the condition and causing pain.

Diagnostics of the frequent urination with pain

Diagnosis of pain and frequent urge to urinate begins with an examination of the patient, an anamnesis. It is important to establish the existence of chronic diseases, whether there were surgeries, traumas, hereditary pathologies. Laboratory investigations are mandatory, instrumental methods are used.

[34], [35], [36]

Analyzes

For laboratory tests, urine and blood are taken - materials for analysis. Laboratory methods include:

• general and biochemical blood test;
• enzyme immunoassay (reveals substances of protein nature - bacteria, viruses, etc.);
• smear on the microflora;
• general urine analysis;
• the analysis of urine according to Nechiporenko (determines in 1ml urine the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, cylinders);
• sow urine on bacteria;
• polymerase chain reaction (supersensitive diagnosis of infections, the accuracy of analysis is 90-95%).

[37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42]

Instrumental diagnostics

Instrumental diagnosis with frequent urination and pain is designed to investigate the pelvic organs for the detection of pathology and a more accurate diagnosis. For this, ultrasound is used, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, including contrast, using special contrast agents to obtain a more precise image of the organ in the image.

Differential diagnosis

The task of differential diagnosis is to make an accurate diagnosis with similar symptoms of various diseases, which were discussed above. Thus, with infections of the urinary system in the urine, leukocytes are increasing, protein is present, red blood cells indicate stones in the kidneys or sand, increased glucose in the urine indicates diabetes mellitus, deviations in the biochemical blood test - renal failure, etc.

[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48]

Treatment of the frequent urination with pain

Treatment of pain and frequent urge to urinate depends on the diagnosis. The most frequent cause of such symptoms - infectious inflammation of the urinary tract (cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis) is eliminated with the help of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and immunity-enhancing agents. For patients with diabetes it is important to restore the sugar to normal and maintain it in this state. Modern methods of fighting with adenoma is not only an operative intervention, but also the use of alpha-adrenoblockers, relaxing the smooth muscles of the neck of the bladder and prostate. Such a mechanism leads to an unhindered passage of urine through the prostatic section of the urethra.

Medications

In the pharmaceutical market, a sufficient number of different drugs to combat the described pathologies. Every year more and more new drugs appear, more sensitive to various microorganisms that cause infection. For the treatment of cystitis, antibiotics-fluoroquinols are very effective: nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin.

Furadonin - the active substance nitrofurantoin, is produced in tablets and powders. It is used to treat the urinary system. For children, the daily dose is 5-8 mg / kg and is divided into 4 receptions, for adults - 0.1-0.15 g. Possible side effects: nausea, vomiting, headache, asthenia, allergic reaction. Contraindicated in persons with renal and heart failure, with cirrhosis of the liver, chronic hepatitis, pregnant and lactating women, children up to a month.

Treatment of pyelonephritis is carried out with the help of antibiotics, as well as preparations: ursulfan, groseptol, bactrim, lidaprim.

Urosulfan is a sulfonamide preparation in tablets or powders. Appointed after determining the sensitivity to it of microflora, which caused inflammation. Children are given a dose of 1-2.5g in 5 treatments, adults 0.5-1g up to 5 times a day. The course of treatment is 2 weeks. Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to the drug. Usually well tolerated by patients.

For the treatment of prostatitis in men, such alpha-adrenoblockers are used: alfuzosin, terazosin, silodosin, doxazosin.

Alfuzosin - blocks alpha-1 receptors located in the sphincter of the bladder and urinary canal. The form of release - tablets. It is taken three times a day for 2.5 mg, for patients over 65 years 2 times: morning and evening. The maximum daily dose of 10 mg. Contraindicated in severe violations of kidney and liver, increased hypersensitivity. Not used by women. Causes noise in the ears, drowsiness, headaches, dry mouth, tachycardia.

For the treatment of chlamydia use drugs, the active ingredient of which is azithromycin: azitral, zitrolid, sumizid, chemomycin; and doxycycline: vibramycin, doxal, medomycin, apo-doxi.

Zitrolide is an antimicrobial drug. Capsules are swallowed without chewing an hour before meals or two after, washed down with plenty of water. The daily dose of 1g is taken at a time. There are side effects in the form of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heart rhythm disturbances, sleep disturbance. Contraindicated with sensitivity to the drug, children under 12 years of age, pregnant and lactating women.

Vitamins

One of the directions of treatment of frequent urination and pain is strengthening of immunity. For this purpose, immunocorrecting drugs containing vitamins B6 (pyridoxine), C (ascorbic acid), E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are prescribed. In the human diet, there must be products containing these elements. So, most of all vitamin B6 is found in nuts, beans, fish, liver, sweet pepper, chicken. Vitamin C is rich in such products: dog rose, sweet pepper, sea-buckthorn, currant, Brussels sprouts, kiwi, lemons, etc. Vitamin E is the most important component in human life; he fights free radicals, preventing the aging of cells. You can replenish the reserves of this vitamin, thanks to vegetable oil, especially olive, nuts, cottage cheese, beef, buckwheat.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

Physiotherapeutic treatment of frequent urination and pain plays an important role along with medication. If the symptoms are not associated with neoplasms, then electrophoresis with drugs is successfully used, UHF therapy, which is a kind of massage at the cell level, which improves blood circulation in the pelvic organs. It is very effective hydrotherapy with mineral waters, which drink, and also take medicinal baths, showers. Ozokerite is applied to the lumbar zone - mountain wax. There are also various other physical procedures that are applied according to a specific symptomatology.

Alternative treatment

Alternative treatment of frequent urination and pain involves the use of warm baths with the addition of herbal decoctions, various compresses on the stomach, diuretics and anti-inflammatory herbs. When cystitis relieves pain and burning sensation when urinating, compress from a grated fresh onion to the bottom of the abdomen. Turning the gruel into gauze, it is necessary to keep several hours daily. An empty stomach in the mornings is recommended to drink a glass of water with the addition of a spoonful of honey. Effective warm baths with the addition of decoctions of various anti-inflammatory herbs. It is important to relax well and urinate right into the water. With urolithiasis, when a stone comes, you need to drink a glass of hot mulled wine and take a warm bath. Herbal treatment is effective in conjunction with other traditional medicine methods. For ingestion, infusions and decoctions of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, diuretic herbs are used. These include half-sex, bear ears, corn stigmas, field horsetail, bearberry, birch leaves.

[49], [50], [51]

Homeopathy

Homeopathy is deservedly used in a complex of therapeutic and preventive measures with frequent urination and pain. One such means are biologically active additives based on components that normalize kidney and bladder functions, reducing the likelihood of recurrence. So, supplements "Uroprofit" contains extracts of bearberry, cranberry fruits, horsetail of field. Adults recommended capsule 2 times a day for a month. Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, as well as hypersensitivity to components. Of allergies, an allergy is possible.

Kanefron H - tablets on a plant basis, contain biologically active substances of antibacterial orientation. They are taken whole and washed up with a large volume of water. The daily dose of 6 tablets in 3 receptions, starting from the age of 12 years. Contraindicated in patients with peptic ulcer, cardiac and renal insufficiency. Side effects in rare cases looked like a skin rash, itching, malaise, nausea.

Adenoma-granules are homoeopathic granules, they are prescribed for prostate adenoma of I-II degree. Once a day, 5 pieces are taken under the tongue until completely absorbed 20 minutes before meals or after eating. Treatment should be 2-2.5 months. Adverse events and contraindications are not revealed.

Arnica-Heel - drops for the treatment of inflammation of bacterial and viral origin, including cystitis, urethritis. The drug is recommended starting from the age of 18 years. Three times a day for 10 drops drip under the tongue or on the water, holding for a few seconds a solution in the mouth. Contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, children under 18 years. Allergic manifestations were rare.

Surgery

Surgical treatment requires neoplasm: large fibroids, rupture or torsion of the ovarian cysts, advanced prostate adenoma of the third degree. According to the indications, this can be both an open surgery and a less invasive laparoscopy. In spite of the fact that pyelonephritis is treated more often by conservative methods, at times there is a need for surgical intervention (purulent pyelonephritis, carbuncle, kidney abscess, etc.). With urolithiasis, you often have to resort to surgery.

Complications and consequences

The consequences of frequent urination and pain can be very depressing in case of neglect of pathology or incorrect therapy. So, complications with cystitis develop into pyelonephritis, and bilateral inflammation of the kidneys is a threat to human life. Consequences of gynecological diseases are bleeding, necrosis of tissues when the legs of the uterus or ovary are twisted, which is fraught with sepsis. Adenoma of the prostate is dangerous because its prolonged course leads to a violation of the outflow of urine, and this is a real threat to the kidneys. Prostatitis is dangerous with inflammation of the seminal vesicles and tubercle, as well as the appearance of prostate adenoma.

[52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58]

Prevention

Frequent urination and pain are very unpleasant symptoms of dangerous pathologies, therefore it is better to take preventive preventive measures than to suffer and long to be treated. Such activities include:

• observance of personal hygiene;
• plentiful drink;
• timely access to the toilet (not tolerate with a filled bladder);
• avoidance of hypothermia;
• proper nutrition (exclude spicy, sour, carbonated drinks);
• a timely visit to the doctor.

[59], [60], [61], [62]

Forecast

The prognosis of each of these diseases depends on the neglect of the condition, the patient's immunity, the right treatment. Cystitis, treated on time, do not give complications. If the attitude towards the problem is not serious, the upper parts of the urinary system are affected, which carries a life threat. Adenoma of the prostate in the initial stages is not dangerous, and the third stage can end fatal.

[63]