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Colonic dyskinesia
Medical expert of the article
Last reviewed: 05.07.2025
Functional disorders of the colon are among the most common diseases of the digestive organs, accounting, according to various authors, for 30 to 70% of the structure of gastroenterological pathology.
Dyskinesia of the colon is a functional disease of the colon, characterized by a violation of its motor function in the absence of organic changes. The most widely used term abroad to denote functional pathology of the colon is "irritable bowel syndrome". In pediatric practice, this term is understood as one of the variants of dyskinesia of the colon - a psychosomatic disease characterized by increased sensitivity of the receptors of the colon to various, mainly neurohumoral, irritants.
[ Causes of colon dyskinesia
Causes of dyskinesia of the colon include many causes, both endogenous and exogenous. The following are important:
- hereditary burden - constipation, vegetative dystonia, metabolic and endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, adrenal cortex insufficiency);
- acute intestinal infections suffered in the first months of life;
- early transfer to artificial feeding.
What causes colonic dyskinesia?
Classification. There are two types of colon dyskinesia:
- hypertensive and
- hypotonic.
Symptoms of colonic dyskinesia
The main manifestations of dyskinesia of the colon are disturbance of the rhythm of defecation and abdominal pain. The frequency of defecation in healthy children is variable, stool retention for more than 2 days, slow, difficult or systematically insufficient bowel movement are usually regarded as constipation.
Where does it hurt?
What's bothering you?
Diagnosis of colon dyskinesia
Diagnosis of colon dyskinesia is based on a thorough collection of anamnesis and the results of instrumental diagnostic methods.
Colonodynamic and electromyographic studies allow us to measure the parameters of the reservoir and evacuation functions of the colon and assess the condition of the anal sphincters:
- with hypertonic dyskinesia, a decrease in the volume of the distal intestine and an accelerated appearance of the reflex to emptying are noted;
- In hypotonic dyskinesia, the volume of the distal section is increased, hyporeflexia is pronounced, often in combination with rectodolichosigma.
What do need to examine?
How to examine?
What tests are needed?
Treatment of colon dyskinesia
Treatment of colon dyskinesia is carried out taking into account the etiological factor and the type of dyskinesia.
All patients with dyskinesia of the colon are shown an optimal work and rest regime, combating physical inactivity, walking; eliminating neuropsychic overstrain. Diet is important. In case of constipation, it is recommended to consume fresh kefir, coarse-grained porridges (buckwheat, barley), "Health" bread, baked apples, prunes or dried apricots, vegetable oil (6-10 ml/day) daily.
How are colon dyskinesias treated?
Outpatient observation is carried out for 1 year. As an anti-relapse therapy, repeated courses of herbal medicine, eubiotics, mineral waters, and vitamins are carried out.