Diseases of the lungs, bronchi and pleura (pulmonology)

This category covers pulmonary disease bronchial and pleural with symptoms, causes, diagnostics, treatment options, and prevention basics.

Pulmonary Disease Bronchial And Pleural brings together curated guides, checklists, and explanations to help navigate the topic with clarity.

Use this page as a starting point: learn key terms, common scenarios, and how clinicians usually approach diagnosis and treatment.

On this page:

Conditions grouped by specialty with clear navigation
Symptoms, causes, risk factors, and complications
Diagnosis pathways, including tests and imaging
Evidence-based treatment options and prevention

Medical information is educational; treatment should be individualized.

Use the links to learn what to ask at an appointment and how to prepare.

Fungal pneumonia: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Fungal pneumonia is not a single disease, but a group of lung infections caused by different fungi: molds, yeasts, dimorphic fungi, and Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Pulmonary failure: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis

In clinical practice, pulmonary failure is usually understood as a condition in which the respiratory system can no longer cope with its main task: delivering sufficient oxygen to the blood and removing carbon dioxide from the body.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory interstitial lung disease that develops in susceptible individuals after repeated inhalation of the causative antigen.

Pulmonary fibrosis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

Pulmonary fibrosis is not one specific disease, but rather a consequence of various interstitial lung diseases, in which normal lung tissue is gradually replaced by scar tissue.

Autoimmune lung diseases: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis

Autoimmune lung diseases are not a single disease, but a group of immune-inflammatory conditions in which the immune system damages the interstitium, alveoli, capillaries, small vessels, or both the lungs and kidneys.

Upper Airway Obstruction: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Upper airway obstruction is not a single disease, but a clinical syndrome in which air passes with difficulty through the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, or cervical trachea.

Mediastinal displacement: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Mediastinal displacement is not an independent disease, but a clinical and radiological sign that indicates that a significant imbalance in volume, pressure, or tissue mass has occurred in the chest.

Tachypnea: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Tachypnea is an increase in the rate of respiratory movements compared to the norm for a specific age and clinical situation.

Asphyxia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Asphyxia is not a single specific disease, but an acute life-threatening condition in which oxygen ceases to be supplied to tissues in sufficient quantities, and the removal of carbon dioxide is impaired.

Respiratory Alkalosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Respiratory alkalosis is a disturbance of acid-base balance in which, due to excessive alveolar ventilation, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood decreases and the blood reaction shifts towards the alkaline side.